Table 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of the sample

Characteristics	Wave 1 (included N=4242)	Wave 1 (excluded N=258)
Age (M, SD)	40.4 (15.5)	45.8 (17.1)
Gender (N, %)
Man	856 (20.2%)	72 (27.9%)
Woman	3339 (78.7%)	180 (69.8%)
Others	35 (0.8%)	5 (2.0%)
Education level (N, %)
High school or lower	876 (20.7%)	66 (25.6%)
University degree	3362 (79.3%)	190 (73.6%)
Marital status (N, %)
Single	1257 (29.6%)	68 (26.4%)
Married or steady relationship	2660 (62.7%)	163 (63.2%)
Divorced/widowed	273 (6.4%)	24 (9.3%)
Others	43 (1.0%)	1 (0.4%)
	Wave 1 (included N=4242)	Wave2 (included N=4242)
PHQ-9 Score (N, %)
< 10 (none to mild depression)	3003 (70.8%)	3217 (75.8%)
≥ 10 (moderate and higher depression)	1239 (29.2%)	1025 (24.2%)
OSSS-3 Score (N, %)
3–8 (low support)	1423 (33.5%)	1384 (32.6%)
9–11 (moderate support)	2008 (47.3%)	2035 (48.0%)
12–14 (strong support)	811 (19.1%)	823 (19.4%)
Loneliness (N, %)
Never or rarely	1846 (43.5%)	1924 (45.4%)
Sometimes	1521 (35.9%)	1512 (35.6%)
Often or frequently	875 (20.6%)	806 (19.0%)