Fig. 8. Schematic for skeletal muscle-secreted DLPC inducing iWAT browning via lipid peroxidation-mediated p38 activation and orchestrating systemic energy homeostasis.

The Myod KO mice exhibit the elevated lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle tissues. Thus, there is increased levels of DLPC secreted from skeletal muscle of Myod KO mice. The skeletal muscle-derived DLPC induces lipid peroxidation and activates p38 phosphorylation in white adipose tissues, thereby induces Ucp1 gene expression and white adipose browning. The DLPC-induced iWAT browning benefits systemic energy homeostasis and contributes to the anti-obesity phenotype in Myod KO mice. Graphs in Fig. 8 is generated by BioRender (https://www.biorender.com).