Table 1.
Sociodemographic data and clinical symptoms for each group. Data shown are means (with SD) and percentages
| Control (n = 24) |
Maltreated (n = 21) |
P a | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female (%) | 29.2% | 42.8% | 0.34 |
| Race/Ethnicity, Caucasian (%) | 52% | 50% | 0.53 |
| Socioeconomic status b | 2.84 (1.31) | 2.32 (1.27) | 0.23 |
| Age | 10.13 (1.45) | 10.43 (3.02) | 0.66 |
| CBCL scores | |||
| Anxious/Depressed | 54.88 (4.98) | 64.29 (8.24) | 0.000 |
| Withdrawn/Depressed | 52.92 (4.29) | 74.95 (11.71) | 0.000 |
| Somatic Complains | 54.08 (3.19) | 61.80 (8.44) | 0.000 |
| Social Problem | 53.63 (2.67) | 70.32 (8.97) | 0.000 |
| Thought Problems | 53.46 (5.52) | 70.32 (8.97) | 0.000 |
| Attention Problems | 52.87 (2.42) | 69.97 (8.97) | 0.000 |
| Rule-Breaking Behavior | 52.70 (4.29) | 66.16 (10.91) | 0.000 |
| Aggressive Behavior | 53.92 (2.76) | 61.41 (6.46) | 0.000 |
| CPTSD symptoms | 5.25 (3.20) | 14.90 (4.98) | 0.001 |
| Re-experiencing | 1.25 (1.78) | 4.01 (2.88) | 0.001 |
| Avoidance | 2.03 (2.03) | 5.25 (2.46) | 0.001 |
| Hypervigilance | 1.95 (1.28) | 5.62 (2.38) | 0.001 |
| Self-organization symptoms | 5.72 (3.19) | 19.05 (2.87) | 0.001 |
| Affect Dysregulation | 1.57 (1.67) | 6.37 (1.50) | 0.001 |
| Negative Self-Concept | 1.98 (1.81) | 5.94 (1.80) | 0.001 |
| Interpersonal Problems | 2.13 (1.60) | 6.70 (1.61) | 0.001 |
SD Standard deviation; CPTSD Complex posttraumatic stress disorder; CBCL Child behavior checklist
a. Note, the p values correspond to Chi-squared test for sex and to t-test for the rest of variables
b. The highest level of education attained by both parents was taken as indicator of socioeconomic status using a 6-point frequency rating scale ranging from 0 = for no formal qualification to 5 = for postgraduate or professional qualification