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. 2023 Apr 1;16(4):1005–1015. doi: 10.1007/s40653-023-00542-0

Table 2.

Descriptive statistics of outcome variables by bullying victimization category

Dependent variables Bullying victimization
Never Childhood Chronic
Mental health score

15.70 (2.37)

n = 4,152

15.35 (2.50)

n = 832

14.53 (2.67)

n = 247

General health

0.94 (0.24)

n = 4,314

0.91 (0.29)

n = 860

0.87 (0.34)

n = 258

Drinking

0.74 (0.44)

n = 4,271

0.72 (0.45)

n = 852

0.79 (0.41)

n = 258

Smoking

0.41 (0.49)

n = 4,293

0.46 (0.50)

n = 859

0.52 (0.50)

n = 258

Marijuana use

0.20 (0.40)

n = 4,247

0.24 (0.43)

n = 847

0.32 (0.47)

n = 256

High school diploma

0.73 (0.44)

n = 4,858

0.65 (0.48)

n = 960

0.69 (0.46)

n = 278

College attendance

0.52 (0.50)

n = 3,550

0.45 (0.50)

n = 628

0.46 (0.50)

n = 191

Age at first employment, years

20.90 (3.14)

n = 4,667

20.61 (3.22)

n = 928

20.47 (2.82)

n = 268

Mental health service use

0.06 (0.23)

n = 3,770

0.07 (0.25)

n = 755

0.12 (0.33)

n = 226

Life-disrupting problems

0.05 (0.21)

n = 3,764

0.07 (0.26)

n = 754

0.11 (0.32)

n = 227

The mental health score is measured on a Likert scale, ranging from 5 to 20 where a higher value indicates a better mental health status

Notes. Mental health score is a discrete variable and age at first employment is a continuous variable. Remaining variables are 0–1 indicator variables