Table 2.
Drugs that potentially target certain Tc subsets.
| Drug | Disease (1st approval year) | Mode of action | Study on Tc subsets | Clinical status | Ref. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tc1 cells | Pembrolizumab (Keytruda®) | Melanoma (2016), etc. | PD-1 inhibitor | Patient study | FDA approved | 155 |
| Nivolumab (Opdivo®) | Melanoma (2014), etc. | Patient study | FDA approved | 156 | ||
| Cemiplimab (LIBTAYO®) | cSCC (2018), etc. | Patient study | FDA approved | 157 | ||
| Atezolizumab (Tecentriq®) | UC (2016), etc. | PD-L1 inhibitor | Patient study | FDA approved | 158 | |
| Durvalumab (Imfinzi®) | NSCLC (2017), etc. | Patient study | FDA approved | 159 | ||
| Avelumab (Bavencio®) | MCC (2017), etc. | Patient study | FDA approved | 160 | ||
| Ipilimumab (YERVOY®) | Melanoma (2010), etc. | CTLA-4 inhibitor | Patient study | FDA approved | 161 | |
| IDECABTAGENE vicleucel (Abecma®) | MM (2021) | CAR-T cells | Patient study | FDA approved | 162 | |
| Lisocabtagene maraleucel (BREYANZI®) | DLBCL (2021) | Patient study | FDA approved | 163 | ||
| Ciltacabtagene autoleucel (CARVYKTI®) | MM (2022) | Patient study | FDA approved | 164 | ||
| Tisagenlecleucel (Kymria®) | B-ALL (2017), etc. | Patient study | FDA approved | 165 | ||
| Brexucabtagene autoleucel (TECARTUS®) | MCL (2020), etc. | Patient study | FDA approved | 166 | ||
| Axicabtagene ciloleucel (YESCARTA®) | DLBCL (2017), etc. | Patient study | FDA approved | 167 | ||
| Tc2 cells | Fevipiprant | Asthma | PGD2 receptor 2 (DP2) inhibitor | Human study | Phase 3 failure | 59,172 |
| TM30089 | Human study | - | 58 | |||
| Montelukast (Singulair®) | Asthma (1998), etc. | Leukotriene receptor inhibitor | Human study | FDA approved | 58,197 | |
| BAY87-2243, YC-1 | Asthma | HIF-1α inhibitor | In vivo animal study | - | 62,173 | |
| Aminoglutethimide/Vitamin D3 | Asthma | CYP11A1 inhibition | Ex vivo animal study | Clinical study | 61,174,175 | |
| Omalizumab (Xolair®) | Asthma (2003), etc. | IgE inhibitor | Patient study | FDA approved | 176,177 | |
| Thioperamide, JNJ7777120 | Dermatitis | Histamine receptor inhibitor | In vivo animal study | Phase 2 failure | 69,198 | |
| Oclacitinib (Apoquel®) | Pruritus/AD in dogs (2013) | Janus Kinase Inhibitor | Ex vivo animal study | FDA approved | 178,179 | |
| Allergen immunotherapy | Allergic rhinitis (2014) | Tc2 cells | Patient study | FDA approved | 64 | |
| Tc9 cells | Tc9 cells | Melanoma, GVL | Adoptive cell transfer | In vivo animal study | - | 79,180,181 |
| Tc17 cells | Ustekinumab (Stelara®) | Lichen Planus(Off-label used) | IL-12/IL-23 inhibitor | Patient study | FDA approved for psoriasis, etc. | 182,199 |
| Ursolic acid | Melanoma | RORγt inhibitor | Ex vivo animal study | Ex vivo human/Phase 1 | 87,183,184 | |
| Dimethyl fumarate (Tecfidera®) | MS (2013) | T-BET/STAT5 activation | Patients study | FDA approved | 185,200 | |
| Tc22 cells | Pantothenate | COAD, PC | CoA activation | In vivo animal study | - | 186,187 |
| Tc22 cells | Melanoma | Adoptive cell transfer | In vivo animal study | 103 | ||
| CD8+ Tregs | CD40Ig | GVHD | CD40/CD40L inhibition | In vivo animal study | - | 189 |
| anti-ICOS mAb/CTLA4-Ig | GVHD | ICOS/B7h inhibitor | In vivo animal study | - | 190 | |
| Anti‐CD45RC mAb | GVHD | CD45RChigh cells depletion | In vivo animal study | - | 191 | |
| Anti-CD3 mAb | RA, T1DM | CD8+T cells activation | In vivo animal/patients study | - | 192,193 | |
| IL‐2/TGFβ | SLE | CD8+ Tregs | In vivo animal study | - | 194 | |
| IL‐34 | GVHD | CD8+ Tregs | In vivo animal/human study | - | 195 | |
| CD8+Tregs | RA | Adoptive cell transfer | In vivo animal study | - | 153 | |
| A2-CAR CD8+ Tregs | GVHD | CAR-CD8+ Tregs | In vivo animal study | - | 196 |