Figure 2.

Integration of morphological and functional muscle quality. Muscle composition can be assessed by magnetic resonance or tomography, to establish the amount of fat infiltrate (myosteatosis) or fibrotic tissue. Echogenicity can indirectly demonstrate fat infiltration and fibrosis in muscle without differentiation. Muscle mass and volume can be measured by magnetic resonance. Volume can indirectly be quantified by ultrasound. Cross-sectional area can be measured by ultrasound, magnetic resonance, and tomography. Lean mass can be measured by body composition with densitometry or bioimpedance.