Table 2.
Use of supportive care medication class by race/ethnicity.
| Unadjusted Model | Primary Adjustment Model (Model 1) | Secondary Adjustment Model (Model 2) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug Class | Black/African American | Hispanic | Asian/Pacific Islander | Black/African American | Hispanic | Asian/Pacific Islander | Black/African American | Hispanic | Asian/Pacific Islander |
| Pain medications | |||||||||
| Opioids | 0.93 (0.89, 0.98) | 1.05 (1.00, 1.11) | 0.75 (0.71, 0.80) | 0.84 (0.79, 0.88) | 1.07 (1.01, 1.14) | 0.84 (0.79, 0.90) | 0.83 (0.79, 0.88) | 1.05 (0.99, 1.12) | 0.84 (0.78, 0.89) |
| Non-opioid analgesics | 1.10 (1.03, 1.18) | 1.22 (1.14, 1.32) | 1.37 (1.26, 1.49) | 0.97 (0.90, 1.04) | 1.16 (1.08, 1.25) | 1.37 (1.26, 1.49) | 1.04 (0.97, 1.12) | 1.22 (1.13, 1.31) | 1.37 (1.26, 1.49) |
| Muscle relaxants | 1.19 (1.10, 1.30) | 0.88 (0.70, 0.98) | 0.54 (0.47, 0.62) | 0.90 (0.82, 0.99) | 0.82 (0.74, 0.91) | 0.59 (0.51, 0.68) | 0.97 (0.89, 1.06) | 0.83 (0.75, 0.92) | 0.58 (0.50, 0.67) |
| Receipt of any pain medication | 0.95 (0.90, 0.997) | 1.10 (1.04, 1.16) | 0.83 (0.78, 0.88) | 0.84 (0.80, 0.89) | 1.11 (1.04, 1.17) | 0.93 (0.87, 0.99) | 0.84 (0.80, 0.89) | 1.09 (1.03, 1.16) | 0.92 (0.86, 0.98) |
| Psychotropic medications | |||||||||
| Antidepressants | 0.63 (0.59, 0.66) | 0.79 (0.75, 0.83) | 0.46 (0.43, 0.49) | 0.56 (0.53, 0.59) | 0.77 (0.73, 0.82) | 0.47 (0.44, 0.51) | 0.55 (0.52, 0.58) | 0.77 (0.73, 0.81) | 0.48 (0.45, 0.52) |
| Anxiolytics | 0.54 (0.51, 0.58) | 0.70 (0.66, 0.75) | 0.54 (0.50, 0.59) | 0.47 (0.43, 0.50) | 0.66 (0.62, 0.71) | 0.52 (0.48, 0.57) | 0.44 (0.41, 0.47) | 0.65 (0.60, 0.69) | 0.54 (0.50, 0.59) |
| Antipsychotics | 1.09 (1.01, 1.19) | 0.95 (0.87, 1.05) | 0.78 (0.69, 0.88) | 0.92 (0.84, 1.01) | 0.90 (0.82, 0.99) | 0.84 (0.74, 0.95) | 0.93 (0.85, 1.02) | 0.93 (0.84, 1.02) | 0.88 (0.78, 0.99) |
| Receipt of any psychotropic medication | 0.61 (0.59, 0.64) | 0.76 (0.72, 0.80) | 0.48 (0.45, 0.51) | 0.54 (0.52, 0.57) | 0. 74 (0.70, 0.78) | 0.49 (0.46, 0.52) | 0.53 (0.50, 0.55) | 0.73 (0.70, 0.77) | 0.50 (0.47, 0.54) |
Data are presented as OR (95% CI). All comparisons were made to non-Hispanic White patients. In model 1, results were adjusted for age, sex, marital status, ZIP code level high school completion, ZIP code-level median household income, patient residence, year of pancreatic cancer diagnosis, Charlson comorbidity index, cancer stage, and Medicare hospice claim. In model 2, ZIP code-level high school completion and ZIP code-level median household income were excluded. Bold text in adjusted model results indicate a P value < 0.05.