Figure 2: Differential Heating Effects on the Vibrational Bioreactor and Surrounding Environment.

This figure illustrates the varying temperature profiles observed during a 25-minute vibrational experiment conducted within a closed and open-lid system. Internal and external thermocouples recorded the temperature of the vibrational controller (rising to 59°C) and the ambient air within and outside the enclosure (increasing from 21°C to 25°C). The results confirm that despite the significant heat generated by the vibrational actuator, the ambient conditions remained within a safe range for cell viability.