Table 4.
Effects of stretching on changes in concentric muscle force and electromyographic activity.
| Dependant variable | Streching method | Pre | Post 0 min | Post 20 min | Post 60 min |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Concentric muscle force (Nm) | SS | 92.0 ± 20.6 | 88.2 ± 20.1 * | 87.5 ± 20.1 * | 87.6 ± 20.2 * |
| Relative change | - | -4.1 ± 3.7 | -4.9 ± 6.3 | -4.7 ± 4.9 | |
| DS | 91.4 ± 18.6 | 88.9 ± 18.8 | 89.7 ± 19.8† | 88.2 ± 19.0 | |
| Relative change | - | -2.8 ± 6.2 | -2.2 ± 6.3 | -3.6 ± 6.9 | |
| SS-DS | 88.4 ± 18.3 | 84.4 ± 18.3 * | 84.9 ± 18.4 * | 84.4 ± 17.4 * | |
| Relative change | - | -4.7 ± 5.8 | -4.0 ± 5.5 | -4.2 ± 6.9 | |
| DS-SS | 88.1 ± 17.6 | 84.6 ± 16.5 * | 84.5 ± 18.0 | 84.5 ± 18.3 * | |
| Relative change | - | -3.4 ± 7.4 | -4.0 ± 7.9 | -4.3 ± 6.3 | |
| RMS values (medial hamstrings) (μV) | SS | 356.1 ± 107.2 | 323.1 ± 93.6 * | 306.8 ± 104.6 * | 305.7 ± 106.2 * |
| Relative change | - | -8.4 ± 12.1 | -11.8 ± 22.1 | -12.8 ± 19.5 | |
| DS | 365.2 ± 106.7 | 330.7 ± 96.6 * | 322.4 ± 95.7 * | 316.2 ± 101.5 * | |
| Relative change | - | -9.0 ± 11.4 | -11.1 ± 13.0 | -12.2 ± 16.3 | |
| SS-DS | 373.5 ± 120.5 | 341.6 ± 126.8 * | 328.9 ± 113.1 * | 329.7 ± 120.9 * | |
| Relative change | - | -9.0 ± 14.1 | -11.3 ± 14.4 | -11.0 ± 19.0 | |
| DS-SS | 356.3 ± 115.9 | 313.6 ± 98.7 * | 309.3 ± 106.7 * | 325.9 ± 107.1 * | |
| Relative change | - | -11.4 ± 6.3 | -13.0 ± 12.9 | -8.3 ± 10.5 | |
| RMS values (lateral hamstrings) (μV) | SS | 288.4 ± 98.9 | 275.1 ± 107.6 | 265.8 ± 114.6 | 252.7 ± 99.7 * |
| Relative change | - | -5.4 ± 11.5 | -8.9 ± 17.3 | -12.7 ± 14.4 | |
| DS | 290.8 ± 111.1 | 251.3 ± 89.5 * | 247.9 ± 86.4 * | 253.1 ± 98.7 * | |
| Relative change | - | -11.8 ± 11.8 | -12.8 ± 13.2 | -12.2 ± 11.5 | |
| SS-DS | 278.0 ± 103.0 | 259.9 ± 90.3 | 256.6 ± 89.5 | 256.7 ± 103.3 | |
| Relative change | - | -5.0 ± 10.0 | -5.9 ± 13.9 | -7.1 ± 18.4 | |
| DS-SS | 271.1 ± 100.9 | 244.6 ± 100.4 | 241.7 ± 97.6 | 249.5 ± 110.6 | |
| Relative change | - | -8.4 ± 18.6 | -8.9 ± 24.5 | -6.9 ± 26.7 |
RMS, root mean square; SS, static stretching; DS, dynamic stretching; SS-DS, static stretching followed by dynamic stretching; DS-SS, dynamic stretching followed by static stretching. Values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation.
*p < 0.05 compared with the pre-stretching value.
† p < 0.05 compared with the DS-SS session.