Table 3.
Associations between disseminators and characteristics of web-based content on diet and nutrition written in Japanese (N=1703).
| Characteristics | Health care– and beauty-related company (n=199), n (%) | Food manufacturer (n=246), n (%) | IT company and mass media (n=474), n (%) | Government and academic institution (n=195), n (%) | Medical institution (n=214), n (%) | Pharmaceutical manufacturer (n=139), n (%) | Other (n=236), n (%) | P valuea | |||||||||
| Involvement of editors indicated | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
No | 132 (66.3) | 201 (81.7) | 228 (48.1) | 181 (92.8) | 167 (78) | 77 (55.4) | 155 (65.7) | <.001 | ||||||||
|
|
Yes | 67 (33.7) | 45 (18.3) | 246 (51.9) | 14 (7.2) | 47 (22) | 62 (44.6) | 81 (34.3) | <.001 | ||||||||
| Involvement of writers indicated | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
No | 179 (89.9) | 228 (92.7) | 274 (57.8) | 173 (88.7) | 176 (82.2) | 132 (95) | 220 (93.2) | <.001 | ||||||||
|
|
Yes | 20 (10.1) | 18 (7.3) | 200 (42.2) | 22 (11.3) | 38 (17.8) | 7 (5) | 16 (6.8) | <.001 | ||||||||
| Involvement of editors or writers indicated | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
No | 114 (57.3) | 184 (74.8) | 107 (22.6) | 161 (82.6) | 134 (62.6) | 70 (50.4) | 143 (60.6) | <.001 | ||||||||
|
|
Yes | 85 (42.7) | 62 (25.2) | 367 (77.4) | 34 (17.4) | 80 (37.4) | 69 (49.6) | 93 (39.4) | <.001 | ||||||||
| Advertisement included (ie, some statements within sentences or sidebars and bottom bars for advertisement) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
No | 70 (35.2) | 90 (36.6) | 28 (5.9) | 190 (97.4) | 181 (84.6) | 79 (56.8) | 82 (34.7) | <.001 | ||||||||
|
|
Yes | 129 (64.8) | 156 (63.4) | 446 (94.1) | 5 (2.6) | 33 (15.4) | 60 (43.2) | 154 (65.3) | <.001 | ||||||||
| Scientific papers cited | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
No | 179 (89.9) | 215 (87.4) | 433 (91.4) | 166 (85.1) | 199 (93) | 129 (92.9) | 208 (88.1) | .06 | ||||||||
|
|
Yes | 20 (10.1) | 31 (12.6) | 41 (8.6) | 29 (14.9) | 15 (7) | 10 (7.2) | 28 (11.9) | .06 | ||||||||
| Nonfiction books cited | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
No | 181 (91) | 225 (91.5) | 439 (92.6) | 174 (89.2) | 199 (93) | 129 (92.8) | 221 (93.6) | .68 | ||||||||
|
|
Yes | 18 (9) | 21 (8.5) | 35 (7.4) | 21 (10.8) | 15 (7) | 10 (7.2) | 15 (6.4) | .68 | ||||||||
| Dietary reference intakes cited | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
No | 162 (81.4) | 175 (71.1) | 430 (90.7) | 150 (76.9) | 187 (87.4) | 108 (77.7) | 190 (80.5) | <.001 | ||||||||
|
|
Yes | 37 (18.6) | 71 (28.9) | 44 (9.3) | 45 (23.1) | 27 (12.6) | 31 (22.3) | 46 (19.5) | <.001 | ||||||||
| Dish-based dietary guidelines cited | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
No | 193 (97) | 231 (93.9) | 472 (99.6) | 169 (86.7) | 209 (97.7) | 138 (99.3) | 227 (96.2) | <.001 | ||||||||
|
|
Yes | 6 (3) | 15 (6.1) | 2 (0.4) | 26 (13.3) | 5 (2.3) | 1 (0.7) | 9 (3.8) | <.001 | ||||||||
| Other materials published by public organizations cited | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
No | 159 (79.9) | 183 (74.4) | 379 (80) | 135 (69.2) | 184 (86) | 107 (77) | 181 (76.7) | .002 | ||||||||
|
|
Yes | 40 (20.1) | 63 (25.6) | 95 (20) | 60 (30.8) | 30 (14) | 32 (23) | 55 (23.3) | .002 | ||||||||
| At least one of the above references (ie, scientific papers, nonfiction books, dietary reference intakes, dish-based dietary guidelines, or other materials published by public organizations) cited | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
No | 118 (59.3) | 136 (55.3) | 312 (65.8) | 84 (43.1) | 152 (71) | 82 (59) | 137 (58.1) | <.001 | ||||||||
|
|
Yes | 81 (40.7) | 110 (44.7) | 162 (34.2) | 111 (56.9) | 62 (29) | 57 (41) | 99 (41.9) | <.001 | ||||||||
aUsing chi-square test.