Fig. 6.

Three-Dimensional Visualization of Callus Structure using Voxel Linkage Values. Shown are 3D renderings of a fracture callus non-union (A, B), incomplete union (C, D), and union (E, F) depicting linkage value distributions (red = highest LVs) for each callus (A, C, E) and following segmentation into external callus (brown) and cortical bone (tan; B, D, F). The 3D renderings shown in panels B, D, and F were rendered in Fusion 360 (Autodesk, San Francisco, CA) after processing the linkage value data with InVesalius (available via Github) and Meshmixer (Autodesk).