Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the adolescents with migraine combined with PFO.
| Variables | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Total | 86 |
| Female | 66 (77%) |
| Age (years) | 15.95 ± 2.17 |
| Course of disease (years) | 2.43 ± 2.25 |
| Combination of symptoms | |
| Dizziness | 46 (53%) |
| Vision symptoms | 17 (20%) |
| Chest symptoms | 36 (42%) |
| Combined brain imaging microemboli embolism | 5 (6%) |
| Combination of other possible causes of headache | |
| Lung level shunt | 4 (5%) |
| TIA | 12 (14%) |
| Rhinosinusitis | 12 (14%) |
| History of depression | 12 (14%) |
| Migraine characteristics | |
| MA | 55 (64%) |
| MOA | 31 (36%) |
| VAS | 7.63 ± 0.88 |
| HIT-6 | 66.94 ± 5.08 |
| PedMIDAS | 49.73 ± 7.47 |
| Frequency (per month) | 7.28 ± 2.65 |
| Duration (hours) | 12.31 ± 3.46 |
| Migraine burden | 91.87 ± 44.61 |
PFO, patent foramen ovale; TIA, transient ischemic attacks; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale; HIT-6, Headache Impact Test; PedMIDAS, Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment; MA, migraine with aura; MOA, migraine without aura.