TABLE 2.

Heterogeneity and pleiotropy of MR analysis.

Combination	Group	Q	p-value of Q	I2 (%)	PRESSO-RSSobs	P-RSSobs	Egger-intercept	P-Egger
GERD-COPD	Discovery	70.65	0.0014	97.22	74.19	0.003	0.0147	0.4338
	Validation	66.56	0.0028	97.22	70.31	0.004	0.0259	0.1271
PUD-COPD	Discovery	38.89	0.2988	96.14	40.98	0.337	0.0061	0.5140
	Validation	50.37	0.0270	96.17	53.87	0.033	0.0001	0.9920
IBS-COPD	Discovery	85.70	0.0248	95.50	88.69	0.015	−0.0018	0.7999
CD-COPD	Discovery	87.11	0.0007	98.86	89.81	<0.001	−0.0046	0.5250
UC-COPD	Discovery	71.68	0.0021	98.63	76.64	0.002	−0.0131	0.1108
FD-COPD	Discovery	9.34	0.7471	95.58	10.63	0.773	0.0049	0.5759
NGE-COPD	Discovery	28.38	0.0565	95.58	31.51	0.055	0.0157	0.1664
CP-COPD	Discovery	34.05	0.0258	95.68	37.86	0.020	0.0055	0.6323
COPD-GERD	Discovery	95.86	8.26E-09	95.72	102.25	<0.001	0.0103	0.1911
	Validation	71.64	2.92E-05	95.88	76.88	<0.001	−0.0073	0.3733
COPD-PUD	Discovery	66.27	0.0880	95.44	68.57	0.118	−0.0036	0.5478
	Validation	74.43	0.3060	95.96	76.64	0.318	−0.0002	0.9753
COPD-IBS	Discovery	59.89	0.4433	95.53	63.35	0.434	0.0052	0.0676
	Validation	143.13	2.57E-06	95.94	147.18	<0.001	−0.0052	0.2249
COPD-CD	Discovery	78.17	0.0174	95.20	80.60	0.020	−0.0095	0.2375
COPD-UC	Discovery	197.05	3.71E-18	95.20	204.31	<0.001	−0.0056	0.6556
COPD-FD	Discovery	71.60	0.0924	95.47	73.99	0.097	−0.0004	0.9516
COPD-NGE	Discovery	53.32	0.5771	95.37	55.42	0.590	0.0009	0.8888
COPD-CP	Discovery	73.96	0.1061	95.51	76.30	0.126	0.0023	0.6794
	Validation	68.29	0.6950	95.93	70.11	0.697	−0.0031	0.5377

Q, Cochrane’s Q; I2, I squared; PRESSO-RSSobs, RSSobs, of Global Test in MR-PRESSO; P-RSSobs, p-value of Global Test in MR-PRESSO; Egger-intercept, intercept of MR-Egger; P-Egger, p-value of Egger-intercept; GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; PUD, peptic ulcer disease; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome; CD, Crohn’s disease; UC, ulcerative colitis; FD, functional dyspepsia; NGE, noninfectious gastroenteritis; CP, constipation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.