Table 2.
Detailed population characteristics of the included studies. All data are presented as mean ± standard deviation.
| Study | Report | Population characteristics | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | n (♀) | age [years] | height [cm] | weight [kg] | BMI [kg/m2] | OA characteristics | ||
| (severity, laterality, cause) | ||||||||
| A | Aminian et al. (30) | CON | 9 (–) | 63 ± 4 | 161 ± 10 | 63 ± 9 | Severe; unilateral | |
| HOA | 11 (–) | 60 ± 9 | 167 ± 5 | 74 ± 8 | ||||
| B | Ardestani & Wimmer (31) | CON | 23 (13) | 58.2 ± 9.7 | 27.98 ± 3.9 | Mild, Moderate, Severe (Subgroups); unilateral | ||
| HOA | 45 (20) | 59 ± 11 | ||||||
| C | Baker et al. (32) | CON | 20 (–) | 63 ± 6 | 172 ± 9 | 76.0 ± 18.4 | 25.6 ± 5.0 | Moderate, Severe (Subgroups); unilateral |
| HOA | 36 (–) | 61.2 ± 3.8 | 170.4 ± 2.7 | 84.2 ± 4.1 | 28.9 ± 2.0 | |||
| Rutherford et al. (14) | CON | 20 (10) | 63 ± 6 | 172 ± 9 | 76 ± 18.4 | 25.6 ± 5.1 | Moderate; unilateral | |
| HOA | 20 (5) | 59 ± 8 | 170 ± 8 | 83 ± 16.8 | 28.7 ± 4.3 | |||
| Rutherford et al. (33) | CON | 20 (–) | 62 ± 6 | 25.6 ± 5 | Moderate, Severe (Subgroups); unilateral | |||
| HOA | 37 (–) | 60.8 ± 3.4 | 29.3 ± 2.2 | |||||
| D | Bejek et al. (34) | CON | 20 (12) | 68.8 ± 9.1 | 169 ± 19 | 73.3 ± 11.4 | Severe; unilateral | |
| HOA | 20 (12) | 69.7 ± 8.9 | 172 ± 11 | 70.1 ± 9.1 | ||||
| E | Benedetti et al. (35) | CON | 10 (4) | 59 | Severe; - | |||
| HOA | 8 (3) | 48.7 | 173 | 78.5 | ||||
| F | Bolink et al. (36) | CON | 20 (11) | 61.0 ± 6.1 | 173 ± 8.4 | 77.2 ± 12.7 | 25.8 ± 3.0 | Severe; unilateral |
| HOA | 20 (10) | 63.4 ± 8.5 | 172 ± 9.7 | 81.1 ± 17.8 | 27.2 ± 4.9 | |||
| G | Brand & Crowninshield (37) | CON | 15 (7) | 71 | ||||
| (CON data: Crowninshield et al.) (38) | HOA | 8 (–) | ||||||
| H | Constantinou et al. (39) | CON | 26 (18) | 59.3 ± 7.6 | 169 ± 8 | 70.5 ± 9.3 | 24.8 ± 3.0 | Mild/Moderate; mixed (11 bi, 16 uni) |
| HOA | 27 (18) | 63.2 ± 7.6 | 166 ± 9 | 77.6 ± 14.2 | 28.0 ± 4.1 | |||
| Diamond et al. (13) | CON | 23 (17) | 60 ± 8 | 167 ± 8 | 69.9 ± 9.5 | 25.1 ± 3.1 | Mild/Moderate; mixed (9 bi, 9 uni) | |
| HOA | 18 (13) | 65 ± 7 | 166 ± 10 | 76.2 ± 14.1 | 27.6 ± 4.8 | |||
| I | Eitzen et al. (11) | CON | 22 (13) | 58.5 ± 8.8 | 171.7 ± 10.8 | 70.8 ± 15.1 | 23.8 ± 3.5 | Mild/Moderate; mixed (10 bi, 38 uni) |
| HOA | 48 (29) | 59.1 ± 9.5 | 172.3 ± 8.4 | 73.2 ± 12.2 | 24.6 ± 3.3 | |||
| J | Foucher (40) | CON | 159 (104) | 55.7 ± 2.9 | 26.7 ± 2.3 | Mixed; - | ||
| HOA | 150 (86) | 62.3 ± 3.4 | 28.3 ± 2.3 | |||||
| K | Foucher et al. (41) | CON | 25 (11) | 57.6 ± 7.7 | 173 ± 9 | 79.2 ± 17.8 | Severe; unilateral | |
| HOA | 28 (10) | 63.6 ± 7.1 | 172 ± 11 | 86.7 ± 15.8 | ||||
| L | Foucher & Wimmer (42) | CON | 25 (–) | 54 ± 6 | 28 ± 6 | Severe; unilateral; primary | ||
| HOA | 26 (–) | 59 ± 9 | 27 ± 3 | |||||
| Foucher et al. (43) | CON | 25 (13) | 54 ± 6 | 171 ± 6.9 | 81.6 ± 13.3 | 28 ± 6 | Severe; unilateral; primary | |
| HOA | 26 (11) | 60 ± 4.2 | 175.5 ± 6.3 | 83.9 ± 5.9 | 27 ± 3 | |||
| M | Hall et al. (44) | CON | 15 (11) | 64.0 ± 8.7 | 163 ± 11 | 72.6 ± 11.6 | 23.8 ± 3.6 | Mixed; mixed (9 bi, 6 uni) |
| HOA | 15 (8) | 63.1 ± 6.7 | 168 ± 11 | 76.0 ± 11.8 | 28.1 ± 4.0 | |||
| N | Hara et al. (45) | CON | 6 (0) | 33 | 173 | 67 | Severe; - | |
| (CON data: Hara et al. (46) | HOA | 14 (12) | 65 ± 7 | 154 ± 8 | 54 ± 9 | 23 ± 4 | ||
| O | Hurwitz et al. (47) | CON | 19 (7) | 61 ± 8 | 173 ± 10 | 72.4 ± 15.4 | Severe; unilateral | |
| HOA | 19 (7) | 60 ± 8 | 170 ± 10 | 79.2 ± 11.2 | ||||
| P | Ismailidis et al. (48) | CON | 48 (30) | 66.6 ± 7.2 | 169 ± 9 | 71.6 ± 12.5 | 25.1 ± 4.0 | Severe; unilateral |
| HOA | 24 (10) | 66.1 ± 10.3 | 171 ± 8 | 80.8 ± 13.3 | 27.5 ± 3.2 | |||
| Ismailidis et al. (49) | CON | 45 (29) | 66.6 ± 7.4 | 169 ± 8 | 71.0 ± 11.9 | 25.0 ± 4.1 | Severe; unilateral | |
| HOA | 22 (10) | 66.3 ± 10.2 | 171 ± 8 | 79.7 ± 13.2 | 27.3 ± 3.3 | |||
| Nüesch et al. (50) | CON | 54 (23) | 66.4 ± 7.9 | 170 ± 9 | 73.1 ± 13.5 | 25.3 ± 4.0 | Severe; unilateral | |
| HOA | 30 (18) | 64.9 ± 11.6 | 172 ± 8 | 80.6 ± 12.8 | 27.1 ± 3.1 | |||
| Q | Kataoka et al. (51) | CON | 15 (15) | 61.2 ± 6.3 | 155.8 ± 3.7 | 53.5 ± 7.3 | Moderate/Severe; - | |
| HOA | 15 (15) | 60.4 ± 9.6 | 152.8 ± 2.9 | 57.1 ± 11.4 | ||||
| R | Kubota et al. (52) | CON | 12 (12) | 64.3 ± 2.8 | 148.1 ± 5.1 | 52.5 ± 7.8 | 23.9 ± 2.8 | Moderate/Severe; bilateral |
| HOA | 12 (12) | 59.4 ± 11.1 | 150.6 ± 6.1 | 56.7 ± 7.1 | 24.9 ± 3.4 | |||
| S | Kumar et al. (12) | CON | 30 (16) | 48.2 ± 11.4 | 23.3 ± 3.3 | Mild/Moderate; mixed | ||
| HOA | 36 (12) | 54.5 ± 8.9 | 24.5 ± 3.0 | |||||
| T | Leigh et al. (15) | CON | 22 (13) | 53.7 ± 8.3 | 168.8 ± 9.5 | 76.5 ± 9.4 | 26.8 ± 1.5 | Mild/Moderate; mixed (6 bi, 16 uni) |
| HOA | 22 (12) | 55.9 ± 7.5 | 170.2 ± 8.0 | 76.8 ± 15.4 | 26.5 ± 4.6 | |||
| U | Meyer et al. (53) | CON | 17 (8) | 52.7 ± 4.9 | 171 ± 10 | 24.1 ± 2.7 | Severe; unilateral | |
| HOA | 20 (5) | 49.7 ± 9.5 | 173 ± 10 | 25.5 ± 3.2 | ||||
| Wesseling et al. (54) | CON | 18 (9) | 53.0 ± 5.0 | 171 ± 10 | 69.3 ± 12.5 | 23.7 ± 3.1 | Severe; unilateral | |
| HOA | 14 (5) | 47.3 ± 11.8 | 173 ± 9 | 76.3 ± 16.6 | 25.2 ± 3.7 | |||
| V | Ornetti et al. (55) | CON | 9 (7) | 60.3 ± 7 | Mixed; unilateral; primary | |||
| HOA | 11 (8) | 60.5 ± 7 | 25.7 ± 6 | |||||
| W | Popovic et al. (56) | CON | 30 (16) | 44.7 ± 13.5 | 23.7 ± 2.4 | Mild/Moderate; - | ||
| HOA | 42 (23) | 49.6 ± 15.2 | 24.5 ± 3.3 | |||||
| X | Porta et al. (57) | CON | 11 (5) | 67.8 ± 5.4 | 165.9 ± 7.6 | 75.9 ± 10.1 | Severe; -; primary | |
| HOA | 11 (5) | 68.3 ± 5.8 | 162.0 ± 5.4 | 75.4 ± 16.9 | ||||
| Y | Reininga et al. (17) | CON | 30 (22) | 66 ± 6 | 170 ± 9 | 69 ± 12 | Severe; - | |
| HOA | 60 (45) | 59.7 ± 3.3 | 170.8 ± 2.7 | 77.7 ± 3.5 | ||||
| Z | Schmidt et al. (58) | CON | 18 (7) | 60.4 ± 8.9 | 173.1 ± 8.9 | 71.5 ± 13.7 | 23.7 ± 3.0 | Severe; unilateral |
| HOA | 18 (7) | 64.4 ± 7.4 | 170.9 ± 7.7 | 80.7 ± 14.4 | 27.5 ± 3.4 | |||
| Stief et al. (59) | CON | 15 (6) | 61.5 ± 8.0 | 174 ± 9 | 71.7 ± 14.7 | 23.5 ± 2.9 | Severe; unilateral | |
| HOA | 15 (6) | 65.9 ± 8.6 | 172 ± 8 | 79.7 ± 9.9 | 27.0 ± 2.3 | |||
| AA | Schmitt et al. (60) | CON | 15 (7) | 49.2 ± 7.1 | 166 ± 18 | 67.4 ± 11.6 | Severe; unilateral | |
| HOA | 30 (15) | 54.8 ± 6.7 | 172 ± 10 | 83.2 ± 20.6 | ||||
| AB | Steingrebe et al. (61) | CON | 21 (10) | 63.1 ± 9.2 | 171.1 ± 8.8 | 74.4 ± 12.7 | 25.2 ± 2.7 | Mild/Moderate; unilateral |
| HOA | 21 (10) | 64.0 ± 9.6 | 171.2 ± 6.7 | 71.3 ± 11.9 | 24.2 ± 2.9 | |||
| AC | Tanaka (62) | CON | 56 (56) | -; unilateral, bilateral (subgroups) | ||||
| HOA | 24 (24) | |||||||
| AD | Tateuchi et al. (63) | CON | 13 (13) | 62.6 ± 4.4 | 152.7 ± 4.9 | 50.6 ± 5.3 | Severe; - | |
| HOA | 14 (14) | 59.3 ± 5.3 | 153.3 ± 5.5 | 53.3 ± 9.1 | ||||
| AE | Thurston (64) | CON | 10 (-) | 63.4 ± 8.1 | Severe; unilateral | |||
| HOA | 20 (0) | 65.1 ± 7.8 | ||||||
| Z & AF | van Drongelen et al. (65) | CON | 26 (16) | 63.3 ± 7.9 | 168 ± 10 | 69.3 ± 12.8 | 24.6 ± 3.1 | Severe; unilateral, bilateral (subgroups) |
| HOA | 52 (32) | 64.3 ± 3.1 | 169 ± 3.1 | 77.9 ± 4.0 | 27.1 ± 2.1 | |||
| van Drongelen et al. (66) | CON | 46 (25) | 64.2 ± 7.0 | 169 ± 10 | 69.0 ± 12.6 | 24.2 ± 2.8 | Severe; unilateral | |
| HOA | 51 (21) | 60.6 ± 9.9 | 173 ± 7 | 80.3 ± 11.5 | 26.7 ± 2.9 | |||
| AF | van Drongelen et al. (67) | CON | 18 (7) | 60.4 ± 8.0 | 173 ± 9 | 72.0 ± 13.9 | 23.9 ± 3.2 | Severe; unilateral |
| HOA | 17 (8) | 60.5 ± 9.9 | 172 ± 9 | 83.3 ± 15.9 | 28.1 ± 4.9 | |||
| van Drongelen et al. (68) | CON | 15 (6) | 61.5 ± 8.9 | 174 ± 9 | 71.7 ± 14.7 | 23.5 ± 2.9 | Severe; unilateral | |
| HOA | 22 (13) | 62.3 ± 10.2 | 171 ± 10 | 82.4 ± 16.7 | 28.2 ± 4.9 | |||
| AG | Watanabe et al. (69) | CON | 54 (54) | 29.4 | Mild/Moderate; unilateral | |||
| HOA | 30 (30) | 31.2 | ||||||
| Watanabe et al. (70) | CON | 54 (54) | 29.4 ± 4.6 | Mild/Moderate; unilateral | ||||
| HOA | 30 (30) | 31.2 ± 5.6 | ||||||
| AH | Watelain et al. (16) | CON | 17 (9) | 63.6 ± 5.2 | 169 ± 6 | 71.1 ± 14.0 | Severe; unilateral | |
| HOA | 17 (9) | 58.9 ± 7.1 | 167 ± 12 | 76.6 ± 14.7 | ||||
| AI | Zügner et al. (20) | CON | 20 (10) | 45.4 ± 4.4 | 24.3 ± 1.4 | Severe; unilateral | ||
| HOA | 20 (10) | 58.5 ± 5.2 | 28.0 ± 2.5 | |||||
CON, control group; HOA, hip osteoarthritis group.