Table 5.
Neuropsychological characteristics of the study population.
| Test (n assessed) | Mean T-scores (SD) if not otherwise specified | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention group | TAU group | Total study population | |
| WAIS-IV | 53 (8.1) | 52 (9.3) | 53 (8.7) |
| Block design (40/39) | |||
| Similarities (39/39) | 57 (9.7) | 58 (9.9) | 58 (9.7) |
| Digit span (40/39) | 50 (7.6) | 47 (10.5) | 49 (9.2) |
| Matrix reasoning (39/39) | 55 (11.4) | 56 (10.0) | 55 (10.6) |
| Vocabulary (40/39) | 51 (6.2) | 51 (7.3) | 51 (6.7) |
| Arithmetic (38/38) | 46 (8.4) | 47 (10.0) | 47 (9.1) |
| Symbol search (38/38) | 54 (9.9) | 55 (11.5) | 54 (10.7) |
| Visual puzzles (38/38) | 54 (11.0) | 55 (8.8) | 55 (9.9) |
| Information (38/39) | 51 (7.8) | 49 (9.5) | 50 (8.6) |
| Digit symbol (39/39) | 50 (7.9) | 50 (9.3) | 50 (8.6) |
| VCI (38/38) | Std. score 106 (10.8) | Std. score 106 (13.5) | Std. score 106 (12.1) |
| PRI (38/38) | Std. score 107 (14.2) | Std. score 108 (13.5) | Std. score 108 (13.7) |
| WMI (38/38) | Std. score 96 (11.7) | Std. score 95 (14.1) | Std. score 95 (12.9) |
| PSI (38/38) | Std. score 104 (13.1) | Std. score 105 (15.6) | Std. score 104 (14.3) |
| FSIQ (38/38) | Std. score 104 (9.5) | Std. score 104 (13.1) | Std. score 104 (11.3) |
| TMT A (40/39) | 52 (13.9) | 53 (14.0) | 52 (13.8) |
| TMT B (39/39) | 49 (11.4) | 46 (11.8) | 47 (11.6) |
| D-KEFS Stroop Color/Word Time (39/39)/Errors (16/14) | 48 (12.4)/47 (14.3) | 46 (12.0)/50 (8.6) | 47 (12.2)/48 (11.9) |
| D-KEFS Stroop Switching Time (38/39)/Errors (15/14) | 47 (12.8)/46 (13.4) | 45 (12.6)/50 (6.0) | 46 (12.7)/48 (10.5) |
| COWAT (38/39) | 48 (10.2) | 48 (12.2) | 48 (11.2) |
| RAVLT Total Recall (39/39) Immediate Recall (39/38) Delayed Recall (38/38) Recognition Trial (35/31) |
49 (14.0) 52 (13.0) 52 (12.4) 49 (11.6) |
51 (13.2) 54 (12.8) 54 (12.6) 47 (13.1) |
50 (13.5) 53 (12.8) 53 (12.4) 48 (12.3) |
| Logical memory Immediate Recall (39/37) / Delayed Recall (39/37) |
50 (14.2) 51 (10.6) |
50 (10.8) 49 (10.2) |
50 (12.6) 50 (10.4) |
| RCFT Immediate Recall (38/38) Delayed Recall (38/38) Recognition Trial (38/38) |
48 (12.7) 48 (13.6) 51 (10.8) |
50 (14.1) 49 (14.4) 46 (11.8) |
49 (13.4) 49 (13.9) 48 (11.6) |
| DVT Errors (35/33)/ Time (68) |
47 (12.6) 45 (9.9) |
46 (12.0) 44 (10.2) |
46 (12.3) 44 (10.0) |
| Grooved Pegboard Dominant.hand (38/38) Non-dominant hand. (37/38) |
51 (11.6) 50 (11.0) |
50 (13.6) 48 (12.3) |
51 (12.6) 49 (11.7) |
| CPT-III (21/26) Detectability | 50 (11.6) | 52 (11.7) | 51 (11.6) |
| CPT-III Error type (21/26) Omissions/Commissions/Perseverations |
50 (13.4) / 51 (8.8) / 51 (12.0) |
48 (5.9) / 56 (12.3) / 51 (9.7) |
49 (9.9) / 53 (11.0) 51 (10.7) |
| CPT-III RTS (21/26) HRT/HRT SD/ Variability HRT Block Change HRT ISI Change |
52 (11.7) / 49 (15.1) 49 (13.7) 56 (8.2) 48 (8.2) |
47 (9.1) / 47 (9.6) 50 (11.0) 53 (6.3) 50 (9.9) |
49 (10.5) / 48 (12.2) 50 (12.1) 54 (7.3) 50 (9.1) |
WAIS-IV, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV; Std. score, standard score; VCI, verbal comprehension index; PRI, perceptual reasoning index; WMI, working memory index; PSI, processing speed index; FSIQ, full scale intelligence quotient; TMT, trail making test; D-KEFS, Delis-Kaplan executive function system; COWAT, controlled oral word association test; RAVLT, Rey auditory verbal learning test; RCFT, Rey complex figure test and recognition trial; DVT, digit vigilance test; CPT-III, Conners Continuous performance test 3rd edition; RTS, reaction time statistics.