Table 3.
Mean annual and seasonal percent accuracy and Brier scores (shown in parentheses) between model estimated soil FT and ERA5 and Weather Station (WS) observations.
| Annual | Spring (MAM) | Summer (JJA) | Fall (SON) | Winter (DJF) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERA5 | WS | ERA5 | WS | ERA5 | WS | ERA5 | WS | ERA5 | WS | |
| ERA | 100 | 86.1 | 100 | 83.0 | 100 | 94.2 | 100 | 89.4 | 100 | 73.3 |
| U-Net a.m. | 93.0 (0.05) |
90.9 (0.06) |
92.7 (0.05) |
90.2 (0.07) |
98.6 (0.01) |
99.2 (0.01) |
91.2 (0.06) |
92.2 (0.06) |
89.3 (0.08) |
82.6 (0.12) |
| U-Net p.m. | 92.3 (0.06) |
91.1 (0.07) |
91.3 (0.06) |
90.5 (0.07) |
97.2 (0.03) |
98.7 (0.01) |
90.3 (0.07) |
91.9 (0.06) |
90.9 (0.07) |
83.6 (0.12) |
The U-Net (model 5) performance is summarized for a.m. and p.m. conditions. Soil FT estimates from ERA5 are also assessed against the in situ WS observations for reference.