Table 3.
Impact of traditional CVD risk factors and disease characteristics at inclusion on the risk of CVD
| Crude | Adjusted a | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables at inclusion | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI |
| Demographics and history | ||||
| Male sex | 2.14 | 1.32–3.49 | 2.21 | 1.35–3.63 |
| Age (per year) | 1.08 | 1.06–1.11 | 1.08 | 1.05–1.11 |
| Time to DMARD (per SD) b | 0.81 | 0.56–1.18 | 1.05 | 0.71–1.55 |
| Traditional CVD risk factors | ||||
| Hypertension | 2.81 | 1.75–4.52 | 1.91 | 1.17–3.11 |
| Diabetes | 3.74 | 1.78–7.86 | 1.39 | 0.64–3.01 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 1.38 | 0.50–3.78 | 0.73 | 0.26–2.06 |
| BMI (per SD) b | 1.04 | 0.82–1.32 | 0.96 | 0.73–1.26 |
| Cigarette smoking status | ||||
| Never smoking (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Current | 1.41 | 0.78–2.53 | 1.65 | 0.85–3.19 |
| Previous | 1.33 | 0.73–2.40 | 0.95 | 0.50–1.83 |
| Ever | 1.35 | 0.81–2.27 | 1.23 | 0.71–2.14 |
| Baseline disease parameters | ||||
| RF positivity | 0.80 | 0.50–1.28 | 0.92 | 0.57–1.50 |
| Anti-CCP positivity | 0.94 | 0.57–1.56 | 1.12 | 0.66–1.88 |
| COMP (per SD) b | 1.45 | 1.17–1.80 | 1.32 | 1.00-1.74 |
| COMP categories | ||||
| Below median (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 3rd quartile | 1.94 | 1.05–3.57 | 1.06 | 0.55–2.04 |
| 4th quartile | 2.62 | 1.43–4.82 | 1.72 | 0.92–3.22 |
| DAS28 (per SD) b | 1.07 | 0.84–1.35 | 0.95 | 0.75–1.21 |
| Disease activity c | ||||
| Moderate/low (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| High | 1.37 | 0.85–2.20 | 1.11 | 0.67–1.85 |
| HAQ (per SD) b | 1.09 | 0.86–1.39 | 0.97 | 0.76–1.24 |
| ESR (per SD) b | 1.30 | 1.05–1.61 | 1.08 | 0.86–1.35 |
| CRP below median (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| CRP above median (> 9 mg/l) | 2.02 | 1.25–3.28 | 1.12 | 0.68–1.83 |
Numbers in bold indicate significance (p < 0.05)
CVD, cardiovascular disease; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; DMARD, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; RF, rheumatoid factor; Anti-CCP, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies; COMP, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein; DAS28, disease activity score in 28 joints; HAQ, health assessment questionnaire; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP, C-reactive protein
Analyses are based on 70 patients with first ever diagnosis of CVD during follow-up
a Adjusted for age, sex, hypertension and diabetes at inclusion
b SD: Time to DMARD 5.1 months; BMI 4.1 kg/m2; COMP 3.6; DAS28 1.4; HAQ 0.62; ESR 26 mm/h
c For definitions see Table 2