Table 4.
Impact of traditional CVD risk factors and disease characteristics at inclusion on the risk of CAD
| Crude | Adjusted a | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables at inclusion | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI |
| Demographics and anthropometrics | ||||
| Male sex | 2.88 | 1.67–4.98 | 2.87 | 1.65-5.00 |
| Age (per year) | 1.07 | 1.04–1.10 | 1.07 | 1.04–1.10 |
| Time to DMARD (per SD) b | 0.78 | 0.48–1.25 | 0.94 | 0.56–1.58 |
| Traditional CVD risk factors | ||||
| Hypertension | 2.51 | 1.44–4.35 | 1.75 | 0.99–3.12 |
| Diabetes | 4.21 | 1.89–9.38 | 1.64 | 0.70–3.81 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 2.14 | 0.85–5.37 | 1.25 | 0.47–3.33 |
| BMI (per SD) b | 1.02 | 0.77–1.34 | 0.93 | 0.67–1.28 |
| Cigarette smoking status | ||||
| Never smoking (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Current | 1.75 | 0.89–3.45 | 1.72 | 0.81–3.65 |
| Previous | 1.31 | 0.64–2.68 | 0.80 | 0.35–1.79 |
| Ever | 1.52 | 0.82–2.81 | 1.22 | 0.63–2.36 |
| Baseline disease parameters | ||||
| RF positivity | 0.66 | 0.38–1.13 | 0.77 | 0.44–1.34 |
| Anti-CCP positivity | 0.79 | 0.45–1.41 | 0.95 | 0.52–1.73 |
| COMP (per SD) b | 1.51 | 1.18–1.92 | 1.35 | 0.98–1.85 |
| COMP categories | ||||
| Below median (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 3rd quartile | 2.00 | 0.98–4.11 | 1.02 | 0.47–2.20 |
| 4th quartile | 2.73 | 1.36–5.46 | 1.55 | 0.75–3.22 |
| DAS28 (per SD) b | 1.05 | 0.80–1.38 | 0.95 | 0.72–1.25 |
| Disease activity c | ||||
| Moderate/low (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| High | 1.38 | 0.80–2.39 | 1.05 | 0.59–1.88 |
| HAQ (per SD) b | 1.11 | 0.85–1.46 | 1.01 | 0.76–1.33 |
| ESR (per SD) b | 1.19 | 0.93–1.54 | 1.00 | 0.76–1.30 |
| CRP below median (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| CRP above median (> 9 mg/l) | 1.56 | 0.90–2.70 | 0.92 | 0.52–1.60 |
Numbers in bold indicate significance (p < 0.05)
CVD, cardiovascular disease; CAD, coronary artery disease; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; DMARD, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; RF, rheumatoid factor; Anti-CCP, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies; COMP, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein; DAS28, disease activity score in 28 joints; HAQ, health assessment questionnaire; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP, C-reactive protein
Analyses are based on 52 patients with first ever diagnosis of CAD during follow-up
a Adjusted for age, sex, hypertension and diabetes at inclusion
b SD: Time to DMARD 5.1 months; BMI 4.1 kg/m2; COMP 3.6; DAS28 1.4; HAQ 0.62; ESR 26 mm/h
c For definitions see Table 2