Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of full cohort following 3-way stratification defined by # of missing teeth
| A: Unadjusted | ||||
| Variable measures within temporal observational window | Besta OH (n = 69,414 visits in 29,777 patients) | Moderateb OH (n = 50,882 visits in 23,038 patients) | Worstc OH (n = 29,868 visits in 16,048 patients) | Max. Absolute Standardized Difference |
| Age | 41.6 ± 14.8 | 49.3 ± 16.1 | 59.2 ± 15.8 | 1.153 |
| Dental Visit Year | 7.2 ± 3.5 | 7.8 ± 3.3 | 7.6 ± 3.3 | 0.135 |
| Male Gender | 25,285 (36.4%) | 19,146 (37.6%) | 12,749 (42.7%) | 0.128 |
| Liver disease | 1976 (3.0%) | 2151 (4.2%) | 1400 (4.7%) | 0.097 |
| Heart Failure | 1112 (1.6%) | 2289 (4.5%) | 2975 (10.0%) | 0.364 |
| CVDd | 1905 (2.7%) | 2717 (5.3%) | 3207 (10.7%) | 0.323 |
| T2DMe | 5820 (8.4%) | 7982 (15.7%) | 7416 (24.8%) | 0.453 |
| CKDf | 2234 (3.2%) | 3541 (7.0%) | 4095 (13.7%) | 0.384 |
| Elevated Glycemic measure | 2885 (4.2%) | 3836 (7.5%) | 3647 (12.2%) | 0.297 |
| Elevated blood pressure | 12,189 (17.6%) | 12,773 (25.1%) | 10,239 (34.3%) | 0.389 |
| Elevated lipid measure | 11,018 (15.9%) | 10,317 (20.3%) | 7853 (26.3%) | 0.258 |
| Anti-Hypertensive RXg | 14,027 (20.2%) | 16,945 (33.3%) | 15,041 (50.4%) | 0.665 |
| Lipid control RXg | 9711 (14.0%) | 12,489 (24.5%) | 11,809(39.5%) | 0.603 |
| Glycemic control RXg | 3975 (5.7%) | 5139 (10.1%) | 4515 (15.1%) | 0.311 |
| Neo/Chemoh | 5003 (7.2%) | 4774 (9.4%) | 3723 (12.5%) | 0.177 |
| B: Baseline characteristics following propensity score adjustment | ||||
| Variable measures within temporal observational window | Besta OH (n = 9796 visits in 9796 patients) | Moderateb OH (n = 9796 visits in 9796 patients) | Worstc OH (n = 9796 visits in 9796 patients) | Max. Absolute Standardized Difference |
| Age | 49.2 ± 15.3 | 49.4 ± 15.3 | 49.6 ± 15.3 | 0.026 |
| Dental visit year | 7.0 ± 3.5 | 7.0 ± 3.4 | 6.9 ± 3.5 | 0.029 |
| Male gender | 4051 (41.3%) | 3897 (39.7%) | 4223 (43.1%) | 0.000 |
| Liver disease | 342 (3.5%) | 392 (4.0%) | 306 (3.1%) | 0.052 |
| Heart failure | 369 (3.8%) | 405 (4.1%) | 380 (3.9%) | 0.019 |
| CVDd | 477 (4.9%) | 477 (4.9%) | 494 (5.0%) | 0.004 |
| T2DMe | 1436 (14.6%) | 1524 (15.5%) | 1419 (14.5%) | 0.035 |
| CKDf | 576 (5.9%) | 605 (6.2%) | 541 (5.5%) | 0.016 |
| Elevated Glycemic measure | 684 (7.0%) | 722 (7.4%) | 718 (7.3%) | 0.014 |
| Elevated blood pressure | 2816 (28.7%) | 2609 (26.6%) | 2709 (27.6%) | 0.028 |
| Elevated lipid value | 1916 (19.5%) | 2002 (20.4%) | 1976 (20.2%) | 0.015 |
| Anti-Hypertensive RXg | 3233 (33.0%) | 3272 (33.4%) | 3195 (32.6%) | 0.024 |
| Lipid control RXg | 2322 (23.7%) | 2375 (24.2%) | 2266 (23.1%) | 0.044 |
| Glycemic control RXg | 900 (9.2%) | 988 (10.1%) | 920 (9.4%) | 0.027 |
| Neo/Chemoh | 854 (8.7%) | 855 (8.7%) | 892 (9.1%) | 0.032 |
Oral health (OH) status definitions characterized by the most significant OH variable contributing pneumonia risk: ‘number of missing teeth’. This variable was stratified into 3 groups defined by incremental increase in # of missing teeth as follows: a) Besta: 0–1 missing teeth; b) Intermediateb: 2–7 missing teeth; Worstc: ≥ 8 missing teeth. Analysis is based on independent comparison of ‘Worst’ to: [‘Moderate’ and ‘Best’]. Continuous variables are reported as Mean (± SD); binary variables are reported as ‘N’ (%)
Abbreviations: dCVD cardio/cerebrovascular disease, eT2DM Type 2 diabetes mellitus, fCKD chronic kidney disease, gRX prescription, hneo/chemo current neoplastic disease/chemo/radiation