Table 3.
Univariate analysis for metastasis
| Variable | N0 (n = 117) | N1/N2 (n = 27) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 0.040 | ||
| Female | 73(62.4) | 11(40.7) | |
| Male | 44(37.6) | 16(59.3) | |
| Age (years) | 0.261 | ||
| < 60 | 66(56.4) | 12(44.4) | |
| ≥ 60 | 51(43.6) | 15(55.6) | |
| Family history of Lung Cancer | 0.675 | ||
| No | 107(91.5) | 24(88.9) | |
| Yes | 10(8.5) | 3(11.1) | |
| History of malignancy | 0.497 | ||
| No | 105(89.7) | 23(85.2) | |
| Yes | 12(10.3) | 4(14.8) | |
| Smoking index | 0.037 | ||
| Nonsmoker | 80(68.4) | 12(44.4) | |
| < 400 | 20(17.1) | 6(22.2) | |
| ≥ 400 | 17(14.5) | 9(33.3) | |
| Surgery | 0.151 | ||
| Lobectomy | 74(63.2) | 21(77.8) | |
| Segmentectomy | 43(36.8) | 6(22.2) | |
| Location | 0.998 | ||
| Right upper lobe | 29(24.8) | 7(25.9) | |
| Right middle lobe | 9(7.7) | 2(7.4) | |
| Right lower lobe | 23(19.7) | 5(18.5) | |
| Left upper lobe | 32(27.4) | 8(29.6) | |
| Left lower lobe | 24(20.5) | 5(18.5) | |
| Nodule type | 0.008 | ||
| pSN | 25(21.4) | 0(0) | |
| SN | 92(78.6) | 27(100) | |
| Pathological type | 0.039 | ||
| AIS | 3(2.6) | 0(0) | |
| MIA | 19(16.2) | 0(0) | |
| IA | 95(81.2) | 27(100) | |
| Follow-up (days) | 176.4 ± 88.3 | 195.6 ± 107.3 | 0.395 |
| Initial diameter (mm) | 11.25 ± 5.21 | 14.95 ± 5.59 | 0.010 |
| Solid component (mm) | 0.047 | ||
| < 5 | 14(12) | 0(0) | |
| ≥ 5 | 103(88) | 27(100) | |
| C/T ratio | 0.92 ± 0.19 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 0.000 |
| Initial volume (mm3) | 1356.95 ± 1835.41 | 2896.88 ± 2785.87 | 0.010 |
| Initial mass (g) | 1.23 ± 1.69 | 2.87 ± 2.82 | 0.007 |
| Diameter increase (mm) | 1.43 ± 0.91 | 4.16 ± 2.18 | 0.000 |
| Solid component increase (mm) | 1.48 ± 1.10 | 4.10 ± 2.27 | 0.000 |
| Volume increase (mm3) | 302.96 ± 336.11 | 1936.66 ± 1415.01 | 0.000 |
| Mass increase (g) | 0.33 ± 0.37 | 2.09 ± 1.56 | 0.000 |
| Relative diameter change (%) | 14.63 ± 10.82 | 30.95 ± 19.32 | 0.000 |
| Relative volume change (%) | 29.85 ± 18.51 | 87.51 ± 51.36 | 0.000 |
| Relative mass change (%) | 34.76 ± 19.62 | 97.36 ± 54.70 | 0.000 |
| VDTt (days) | 424 ± 217 | 248 ± 167 | 0.001 |
| MDTt (days) | 378 ± 185 | 228 ± 158 | 0.001 |
pSN: part-solid nodule; SN: solid nodule; AIS: adenocarcinoma in situ; MIA: minimally invasive adenocarcinoma; IA: invasive adenocarcinoma; C/T ratio: the ratio of the maximum diameter of consolidation relative to the maximum tumor diameter; VDTt: volume doubling time of the whole nodule; MDTt: mass doubling time of the whole nodule