Table 4.

Health behaviors among soldiers according to education level, place of residence, and body mass index (BMI), April 2018–October 2020, Poland

Variable	Health behaviors category
	Health Behavior Index total score				proper nutrition habits				prophylactic behaviors				positive mental attitude				health practices
	M±SD	Me	min.–max	p	M±SD	Me	min.–max	P	M±SD	Me	min.–max	p	M±SD	Me	min.–max	p	M±SD	Me	min.–max	p
Level of educationa				0.025a				0.002				0.042				0.415				0.018
secondary (N = 504)	78.75±13.33	80.00	13–115		3.29±0.751	3.33	0.83–5.00		3.19±0.77	3.17	0.33–5.00		3.49±0.67	3.50	0.33–5.00		3.08±0.61	3.17	0.67–4.67
higher (N = 641)	80.74±12.12	81.50	31–115		3.43±0.74	3.50	1.00–5.00		3.28±0.69	3.33	1.00–5.00		3.52±0.66	3.50	0.83–5.00		3.17±0.56	3.17	0.83–5.00
Place of residenceb				0.040				<0.001				0.003				0.001				0.006
village (N = 219) city	78.40±12.05	78.00	45–109		3.26±0.75	3.33	0.83–5.00		3.15±0.72	3.17	0.33–5.00		3.49±0.63	3.50	0.33–5.00		3.11±0.58	3.17	0.67–4.83
≥100 000 inhabitants (N = 579)	79.59±12.12	81.00	39–112		3.36±0.72	3.33	0.83–5.00		3.21±0.67	3.17	1.00–5.00		3.51±0.65	3.50	1.33–5.00		3.14±0.56	3.17	0.83–4.67
<100 000 inhabitants (N = 347)	80.55±13.21	82.00	13–115		3.42±0.76	3.50	1.00–5.00		3.29±0.76	3.33	1.00–4.83		3.51±0.69	3.50	0.83–4.83		3.13±0.60	3.17	0.83–5.00
BMIb				<0.001				<0.001				0.003				0.012				0.006
18.50–24.99 kg/m2 (N = 389)	82.00±13.00	83.00	13–115		3.50±0.75	3.67	0.83–5.00		3.34±0.72	3.33	0.33–5.00		3.59±0.65	3.67	0.33–5.00		3.20±0.58	3.17	0.67–4.83
25.00–29.99 kg/m2 (N = 554)	79.57±12.08	81.00	39–115		3.34±0.72	3.33	0.83–5.00		3.23±0.72	3.33	1.00–5.00		3.51±0.64	3.50	1.33–5.00		3.11±0.58	3.17	0.83–4.67
≥30 kg/m2 (N = 185)	76.66±13.41	78.00	33–112		3.21±0.74	3.17	1.00–5.00		3.11±0.73	3.17	1.00–4.83		3.39±0.75	3.33	0.83–4.83		3.04±0.61	3.00	0.83–5.00

^ap – U Mann-Whitney test result.

^bp – Kruskal-Wallis test result (between types of armed forces).