FIG 5.

Alpha diversity and donor microbiota engraftment. (A) Alpha diversity, as measured by Shannon's index. (B) Donor microbiota engraftment in day-10 postdose, day-28 postdose, and 9-month postconsent samples as determined by SourceTracker. SourceTracker estimates the attribution of microbiota in a post-treatment sample to donor microbiota. In choosing the donor source for each post-FMT sample, only the specific donor whose product was administered to the patient was used as donor. By contrast, because placebo capsules did not contain any donor material, the calculated engraftment rates from all four presumptive donors were averaged to derive donor attribution of postplacebo microbiota. There were 77 post-FMT and 37 postplacebo samples in this analysis. The distribution of samples across time points was 60 samples at 10 days post-treatment, 31 samples at 28 days post-treatment, and 23 samples at 9 months. As expected, donor attribution of postplacebo microbiota was minimal. The horizontal line within each box indicates the median and the white diamond indicates the mean. P values comparing FMT and placebo arms are from a Wilcoxon test. The relationship between (C) phylum- and (D) genus-level engraftment rates and relative abundances at days 10 and 28 post-FMT. The x-axis shows the mean relative abundance of the taxon of interest in post-FMT samples, and the y-axis shows the attribution of that taxon to donor microbiota. FMT, fecal microbiota transplantation.