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. 2023 Aug 3;12:e79548. doi: 10.7554/eLife.79548

Appendix 2—table 10. Unadjusted COVID-19-Related Outcomes Stratified by Age, Sex, & Age by Sex; Matched Primary Analysis Cohort, Region=West.

Region=West Matched
All SARS-CoV-2 Test COVID-19 Diagnosis COVID-19 Hospitalization
N % N % OR p-value N % OR p-value N % OR p-value
LL UL LL UL LL UL
All Patients 190,534 100.0% 6,437 3.4% 2,835 1.5% 720 0.4%
BP User 95,267 50.0% 1,084 1.1% 0.19 <0.001 439 0.5% 0.18 <0.001 113 0.1% 0.19 <0.001
BP Non-user 95,267 50.0% 5,353 5.6% 0.18 0.21 2,396 2.5% 0.16 0.20 607 0.6% 0.15 0.23
By Age
Age ≤20 299 100.0% 9 3.0% 1 0.3% 0 0.0%
BP User 150 50.2% 1 0.7% 0.12 0.02 0 0.0% NA NA 0 0.0% NA NA
BP Non-user 149 49.8% 8 5.4% 0.01 0.96 1 0.7% NA NA 0 0.0% NA NA
Age 21-40 1,115 100.0% 67 6.0% 18 1.6% 3 0.3%
BP User 557 50.0% 17 3.1% 0.32 <0.001 2 0.4% 0.12 0.001 1 0.2% 0.50 1.00
BP Non-user 558 50.0% 50 9.0% 0.18 0.56 16 2.9% 0.03 0.53 2 0.4% 0.05 5.53
Age 41-50 2,806 100.0% 147 5.2% 33 1.2% 10 0.4%
BP User 1,404 50.0% 27 1.9% 0.21 <0.001 3 0.2% 0.10 <0.001 1 0.1% 0.11 0.01
BP Non-user 1,402 50.0% 120 8.6% 0.14 0.32 30 2.1% 0.03 0.32 9 0.6% 0.01 0.87
Age 51-60 20,761 100.0% 952 4.6% 304 1.5% 54 0.3%
BP User 10,380 50.0% 178 1.7% 0.22 <0.001 53 0.5% 0.21 <0.001 7 0.1% 0.15 <0.001
BP Non-user 10,381 50.0% 774 7.5% 0.18 0.26 251 2.4% 0.15 0.28 47 0.5% 0.07 0.33
Age 61-70 62,798 100.0% 2,228 3.5% 828 1.3% 196 0.3%
BP User 31,392 50.0% 341 1.1% 0.17 <0.001 118 0.4% 0.16 <0.001 21 0.1% 0.12 <0.001
BP Non-user 31,406 50.0% 1,887 6.0% 0.15 0.19 710 2.3% 0.13 0.20 175 0.6% 0.08 0.19
Age 71-80 64,596 100.0% 1,962 3.0% 915 1.4% 259 0.4%
BP User 32,303 50.0% 336 1.0% 0.20 <0.001 137 0.4% 0.17 <0.001 43 0.1% 0.20 <0.001
BP Non-user 32,293 50.0% 1,626 5.0% 0.18 0.22 778 2.4% 0.14 0.21 216 0.7% 0.14 0.27
Age ≥81 38,159 100.0% 1,072 2.8% 736 1.9% 198 0.5%
BP User 19,081 50.0% 184 1.0% 0.20 <0.001 126 0.7% 0.20 <0.001 40 0.2% 0.25 <0.001
BP Non-user 19,078 50.0% 888 4.7% 0.17 0.23 610 3.2% 0.17 0.24 158 0.8% 0.18 0.36
Female Patients 168,933 100.0% 5,575 3.3% 2,439 1.4% 576 0.3%
BP User 84,470 50.0% 909 1.1% 0.19 <0.001 380 0.4% 0.18 <0.001 92 0.1% 0.19 <0.001
BP Non-user 84,463 50.0% 4,666 5.5% 0.17 0.20 2,059 2.4% 0.16 0.20 484 0.6% 0.15 0.24
By Age
Age ≤20 107 100.0% 4 3.7% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%
BP User 54 50.5% 0 0.0% NA NA 0 0.0% NA NA 0 0.0% NA NA
BP Non-user 53 49.5% 4 7.5% NA NA 0 0.0% NA NA 0 0.0% NA NA
Age 21-40 658 100.0% 44 6.7% 9 1.4% 2 0.3%
BP User 329 50.0% 10 3.0% 0.27 <0.001 1 0.3% 0.12 0.04 0 0.0% NA NA
BP Non-user 329 50.0% 34 10.3% 0.13 0.56 8 2.4% 0.02 0.98 2 0.6% NA NA
Age 41-50 2,158 100.0% 124 5.7% 21 1.0% 5 0.2%
BP User 1,080 50.0% 21 1.9% 0.19 <0.001 2 0.2% 0.10 <0.001 0 0.0% NA NA
BP Non-user 1,078 50.0% 103 9.6% 0.12 0.30 19 1.8% 0.02 0.45 5 0.5% NA NA
Age 51-60 18,480 100.0% 835 4.5% 264 1.4% 43 0.2%
BP User 9,239 50.0% 146 1.6% 0.20 <0.001 46 0.5% 0.21 <0.001 4 0.0% 0.10 <0.001
BP Non-user 9,241 50.0% 689 7.5% 0.17 0.24 218 2.4% 0.15 0.29 39 0.4% 0.04 0.29
Age 61-70 57,528 100.0% 1,999 3.5% 727 1.3% 159 0.3%
BP User 28,761 50.0% 300 1.0% 0.17 <0.001 111 0.4% 0.18 <0.001 19 0.1% 0.14 <0.001
BP Non-user 28,767 50.0% 1,699 5.9% 0.15 0.19 616 2.1% 0.14 0.22 140 0.5% 0.08 0.22
Age 71-80 57,396 100.0% 1,677 2.9% 775 1.4% 208 0.4%
BP User 28,703 50.0% 284 1.0% 0.20 <0.001 118 0.4% 0.18 <0.001 36 0.1% 0.21 <0.001
BP Non-user 28,693 50.0% 1,393 4.9% 0.17 0.22 657 2.3% 0.14 0.21 172 0.6% 0.15 0.30
Age ≥81 32,606 100.0% 892 2.7% 643 2.0% 159 0.5%
BP User 16,304 50.0% 148 0.9% 0.19 <0.001 102 0.6% 0.18 <0.001 33 0.2% 0.26 <0.001
BP Non-user 16,302 50.0% 744 4.6% 0.16 0.23 541 3.3% 0.15 0.23 126 0.8% 0.18 0.38
Male Patients 21,601 100.0% 862 4.0% 396 1.8% 144 0.7%
BP User 10,797 50.0% 175 1.6% 0.24 <0.001 59 0.5% 0.17 <0.001 21 0.2% 0.17 <0.001
BP Non-user 10,804 50.0% 687 6.4% 0.21 0.29 337 3.1% 0.13 0.23 123 1.1% 0.11 0.27
By Age
Age ≤20 192 100.0% 5 2.6% 1 0.5% 0 0.0%
BP User 96 50.0% 1 1.0% 0.24 0.37 0 0.0% NA NA 0 0.0% NA NA
BP Non-user 96 50.0% 4 4.2% 0.03 2.21 1 1.0% NA NA 0 0.0% NA NA
Age 21-40 457 100.0% 23 5.0% 9 2.0% 1 0.2%
BP User 228 49.9% 7 3.1% 0.42 0.06 1 0.4% 0.12 0.04 1 0.4% NA NA
BP Non-user 229 50.1% 16 7.0% 0.17 1.05 8 3.5% 0.02 0.98 0 0.0% NA NA
Age 41-50 648 100.0% 23 3.5% 12 1.9% 5 0.8%
BP User 324 50.0% 6 1.9% 0.34 0.02 1 0.3% 0.09 0.006 1 0.3% 0.25 0.37
BP Non-user 324 50.0% 17 5.2% 0.13 0.88 11 3.4% 0.01 0.69 4 1.2% 0.03 2.23
Age 51-60 2,281 100.0% 117 5.1% 40 1.8% 11 0.5%
BP User 1,141 50.0% 32 2.8% 0.36 <0.001 7 0.6% 0.21 <0.001 3 0.3% 0.37 0.15
BP Non-user 1,140 50.0% 85 7.5% 0.24 0.54 33 2.9% 0.09 0.47 8 0.7% 0.10 1.41
Age 61-70 5,270 100.0% 229 4.3% 101 1.9% 37 0.7%
BP User 2,631 49.9% 41 1.6% 0.21 <0.001 7 0.3% 0.07 <0.001 2 0.1% 0.06 <0.001
BP Non-user 2,639 50.1% 188 7.1% 0.15 0.29 94 3.6% 0.03 0.16 35 1.3% 0.01 0.24
Age 71-80 7,200 100.0% 285 4.0% 140 1.9% 51 0.7%
BP User 3,600 50.0% 52 1.4% 0.21 <0.001 19 0.5% 0.15 <0.001 7 0.2% 0.16 <0.001
BP Non-user 3,600 50.0% 233 6.5% 0.16 0.29 121 3.4% 0.09 0.25 44 1.2% 0.07 0.35
Age ≥81 5,553 100.0% 180 3.2% 93 1.7% 39 0.7%
BP User 2,777 50.0% 36 1.3% 0.24 <0.001 24 0.9% 0.34 <0.001 7 0.3% 0.22 <0.001
BP Non-user 2,776 50.0% 144 5.2% 0.17 0.35 69 2.5% 0.21 0.55 32 1.2% 0.10 0.49

BP: bisphosphonate; LL: lower 95% confidence interval level; NA: not applicable; OR: odds ratio; UL: upper 95% confidence interval level.