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. 2023 Aug 3;12:e79548. doi: 10.7554/eLife.79548

Appendix 2—table 46. Antidepressant Non-user Cohort (All Regions) by BP Use, Patient Characteristics Pre/Post Match of BP Users/Non-users.

All Antidepressant Non-users by BP: Unmatched All Antidepressant Non-users by BP: Matched
All BP Non-user BP User p-value All BP Non-user BP User p-value
N % N % N % N % N % N %
All Patients 1,536,048 100.0% 1,422,938 92.6% 113,110 7.4% 224,804 100.0% 112,402 50.0% 112,402 50.0%
Age
≤20 89,565 5.8% 89,486 6.3% 79 0.1% <0.001 155 0.1% 76 0.1% 79 0.1% 1.00
21-40 315,593 20.5% 314,815 22.1% 778 0.7% 1,562 0.7% 784 0.7% 778 0.7%
41-50 233,336 15.2% 230,961 16.2% 2,375 2.1% 4,746 2.1% 2,371 2.1% 2,375 2.1%
51-60 333,650 21.7% 314,109 22.1% 19,541 17.3% 39,072 17.4% 19,536 17.4% 19,536 17.4%
61-70 296,182 19.3% 254,286 17.9% 41,896 37.0% 83,664 37.2% 41,834 37.2% 41,830 37.2%
71-80 169,295 11.0% 136,746 9.6% 32,549 28.8% 64,163 28.5% 32,073 28.5% 32,090 28.5%
≥81 98,427 6.4% 82,535 5.8% 15,892 14.1% 31,442 14.0% 15,728 14.0% 15,714 14.0%
Gender
Female 1,109,580 72.2% 1,004,112 70.6% 105,468 93.2% <0.001 209,510 93.2% 104,743 93.2% 104,767 93.2% 0.84
Male 426,468 27.8% 418,826 29.4% 7,642 6.8% 15,294 6.8% 7,659 6.8% 7,635 6.8%
Region
Midwest 335,508 21.8% 315,179 22.1% 20,329 18.0% <0.001 40,548 18.0% 20,274 18.0% 20,274 18.0% 1.00
Northeast 383,023 24.9% 356,184 25.0% 26,839 23.7% 53,590 23.8% 26,795 23.8% 26,795 23.8%
South 596,029 38.8% 552,754 38.8% 43,275 38.3% 85,440 38.0% 42,720 38.0% 42,720 38.0%
West 221,488 14.4% 198,821 14.0% 22,667 20.0% 45,226 20.1% 22,613 20.1% 22,613 20.1%
Insurance
Commercial 707,675 46.1% 672,990 47.3% 34,685 30.7% <0.001 69,354 30.9% 34,675 30.8% 34,679 30.9% 1.00
Dual 54,836 3.6% 44,281 3.1% 10,555 9.3% 19,871 8.8% 9,927 8.8% 9,944 8.8%
Medicaid 486,446 31.7% 463,857 32.6% 22,589 20.0% 45,057 20.0% 22,537 20.1% 22,520 20.0%
Medicare 287,091 18.7% 241,810 17.0% 45,281 40.0% 90,522 40.3% 45,263 40.3% 45,259 40.3%
PCP Visit 2019
No 605,256 39.4% 572,701 40.2% 32,555 28.8% <0.001 64,959 28.9% 32,483 28.9% 32,476 28.9% 0.97
Yes 930,792 60.6% 850,237 59.8% 80,555 71.2% 159,845 71.1% 79,919 71.1% 79,926 71.1%
Continuous Outcomes
mean SD mean SD mean SD p-value mean SD mean SD mean SD p-value
CCI 0.87 1.60 0.85 1.58 1.06 1.84 <0.001 1.06 1.82 1.05 1.81 1.06 1.83 0.57

BP: bisphosphonate; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; PCP: primary care physician; SD: standard deviation.