Table 3.
Maternal characteristics and substance exposure (n = 218)
| Age, mean (SD), years | 29.2 (5.2) |
| Medicaid, n (%) | 194 (89.0) |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%), (n = 211) | |
| White/Caucasian | 169 (80.1) |
| Hispanic/Latino | 31 (14.7) |
| Black/African American | 9 (4.3) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 2 (0.9) |
| Employment status, n (%), (n = 217) | |
| Unemployed/homemaker | 144 (66.4) |
| Employed | 73 (33.6) |
| Marital status, n (%), (n = 211) | |
| Married/in relationship | 157 (74.4) |
| Single/separated | 54 (25.6) |
| UDS results, n (%) | |
| Positive | 146 (67.0) |
| Negative/none | 70 (32.1) |
| Unavailable/declined | 2 (0.92) |
| Reported substance use in pregnancy, n (%) | |
| Positive | 185 (84.9) |
| Treated for SUD during pregnancy, n (%) | |
| Yes | 122 (56.0) |
| History of substance misuse, n (%) | |
| Yes | 206 (94.5) |
SD standard deviation, SUD substance use disorder