. 2023 Dec 1;21:158. doi: 10.1186/s43141-023-00595-6

Table 2.

Effect of C. equisetifolia extract incorporated with gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) against toxicity induced by chlorpyrifos (CPF) on the biochemical measurements related to the integrity of liver and brain tissues of rats

	C	*Au-C. equisetifolia* nano-extract**	CPF	*CPF + Au-C. equisetifolia* nano-extract**
	C	*Au-C. equisetifolia* nano-extract**	CPF	Pre-treated	Post-treated
Liver
TNF-α (pg/g tissue)	344.00 ± 0.95	343.20 ± 0.58	726.40 ± 1.50^a	427.40 ± 1.03^ab	591.60 ± 1.17^ab
IL-6 (pg/g tissue)	415.40 ± 1.29	415.60 ± 1.50	877.17 ± 1.67^a	516.11 ± 1.66^ab	714.40 ± 2.12^ab
Hydroxyproline (kg/mg tissue)	0.32 ± 0.00	0.33 ± 0.01	0.68 ± 0.01^a	0.40 ± 0.01^ab	0.55 ± 0.01^ab
AChE (ng/g tissue)	0.50 ± 0.02	0.48 ± 0.02	0.31 ± 0.02^a	0.30 ± 0.02^a	0.29 ± 0.02^a
Brain
TNF-α (pg/g tissue)	133.00 ± 0.55	134.00 ± 0.63	280.86 ± 1.65^a	165.26 ± 1.27^ab	228.73 ± 1.06^ab
IL-6 (pg/g tissue)	224.80 ± 1.32	225.60 ± 0.60	474.68 ± 2.21^a	279.30 ± 1.73^ab	386.61 ± 2.37^ab
β-Amyloid (pg/g tissue)	6.19 ± 0.01	6.19 ± 0.01	13.08 ± 0.04^a	7.69 ± 0.03^ab	10.65 ± 0.01^ab
AChE (ng/g tissue)	9.37 ± 0.45	10.93 ± 0.79	7.63 ± 0.46^a	10.76 ± 0.44^b	9.60 ± 0.35^b

Data were calculated from five replicates and expressed as mean ± SE

^aSignificant versus control group at P ≤ 0.05

^bSignificant versus toxic (CPF) group at P ≤ 0.05