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. 2023 Aug 18;44(12):2455–2468. doi: 10.1038/s41401-023-01140-4

Fig. 2. Engineered RVG-modified Exos homing to injured kidneys.

Fig. 2

a Schematic representation of the production and harvest of engineered Exos encapsulating the cluster 3 with RVG peptide. Image was drew using BioRender.com. b Morphology of RVG-Exos under TEM. Scale bars, 100 nm. c Representative NTA validation of the size distribution of RVG-Exos. d Western blot analysis of exosomal marker proteins (Alix, CD63, and CD81). e qRT‒PCR analysis of miR-23a-3p, miR-26a-5p and miR-27a-3p expression in the db/db mice treated with RVG-miR-23a/27a/26a-Exos. The results are normalized to U6. f Imaging of fluorescence intensity in the db/db mice after intravenous injection of RVG-miR-23a/27a/26a-Exos or miR-23a/27a/26a-Exos. g qPCR analysis of miR-23a-3p, miR-26a-5p and miR-27a-3p expression in the kidney after intravenous injection of RVG-miR-23a/27a/26a-Exos and miR-23a/27a/26a-Exos. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Exo, exosome; RVG, rabies virus glycoprotein.