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. 2023 Dec 1;14(12):787. doi: 10.1038/s41419-023-06319-5

Fig. 6. HDAC4 and 5 are required to suppress apoptosis and ferroptosis and maintain muscle mass in obese mice.

Fig. 6

A The bilateral AAV6 dominant negative (DN) HDAC4 and 5 overexpression db/db mouse model. B Hdac4 and Hdac5 gene expression in tibialis anterior (TA) skeletal muscle of bilateral AAV6 DN HDAC4 and 5 db/db mice (Paired t-tests). C HDAC4 and 5 protein in TA skeletal muscle of bilateral AAV6 DN HDAC4 and 5 db/db mice. D Ppargc1a gene expression in TA skeletal muscle of bilateral AAV6 DN HDAC4 and 5 db/db mice (Paired t-tests); (E) Basal, substrate and ADP-driven oxygen consumption rate (OCR) from biopsies of the gastrocnemius skeletal muscle in bilateral AAV6 DN HDAC4 and 5 db/db mice (Two-way ANOVA, genotype F(1,42) = 4.141). F Caspase 3 activity in TA skeletal muscle of bilateral AAV6 DN HDAC4 and 5 db/db mice (Paired t-test). G Lipid peroxidation in TA skeletal muscle in bilateral AAV6 DN HDAC4 and 5 db/db mice (Paired t-test). H Acetylated p53 at lysine 120 (aK120 p53) in TA skeletal muscle of bilateral AAV6 DN HDAC4 and 5 db/db mice. I Expression of apoptosis genes in TA skeletal muscle of bilateral AAV6 DN HDAC4 and 5 db/db mice (Paired t-tests). J Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in TA skeletal muscle of bilateral AAV6 DN HDAC4 and 5 db/db mice (Paired t-test). K Expression of ferroptosis genes in TA skeletal muscle of bilateral AAV6 DN HDAC4 and 5 db/db mice (Paired t-tests). L Mass of the gastrocnemius (Gastroc.) and TA skeletal muscles in bilateral AAV6 DN HDAC4 and 5 db/db mice (Paired t-tests). Staining sections of the TA muscle with (M) Masson’s trichrome, and; (N) H&E in bilateral AAV6 DN HDAC4 and 5 db/db mice. Arrows indicate fibres with centralised nuclei. Data are mean ± SEM, n = 6–10 per group.