. 2023 Jul 29;27(Suppl 1):75–86. doi: 10.1007/s10995-023-03762-w

Table 3.

Facilitator themes and representative quotes

	Theme	Representative quote
Facilitators	Focus on maternal recovery and wellness as an intervention benefit 100% of Mothers 100% of Clinicians	• “If they’re new moms and they never had babies before, I think just education as far as methadone, how it… Especially if they’re new moms on methadone, if they’ve never been on methadone before, if they've never had a child on methadone before, and educating them on how this might work or how the babies might deal with coming into the world and what it might look like for them and what their care might look like and what the mother's care might look like and how they can be supported. Because that's really hard” (Mother) • “I think that it may be worth thinking about the patient education handouts that are given at the end, and whether it may be worth editing for some specific needs that this population may have.” (Clinician)
Peer support as an intervention benefit 97% of Mothers 85% of Clinicians	• “There would probably be less judgment and at least two, like I would probably feel more comfortable because I'd already be in like an atmosphere where the other mothers are on the same note as me. And I'm also just like, again with being able to relate to other mothers, like they’re going through the same things that I am and their children most likely are too. Maybe they’re even going through things that my child might go through later that we’re getting like a head's up. So stuff like that.” (Mother) • “I think the reassurance of hearing other moms discuss the questions they have and what they're going through with their own babies would make a lot of moms feel like they're not alone and this is what everybody's going through and that would be reassuring. So I think that was definitely kind of the biggest benefit in terms of the care, and also that feeling of community, like you belong to this group, which I think would be really helpful for them.” (Clinician)
Accessibility and coordination of care as an intervention benefit 87% of Mothers 69% of Clinicians	• “I think a lot more women are going to make sure that they show up to appointments because it's at the clinic too. It makes it a little bit more … one of the reasons I would do it is because I already go there and it would make a lot more sense to just make everything at one stop, like a one-stop shop, instead of traveling all over downtown.” (Mother) • “I think the biggest benefit is the one-stop shopping, because I think if you can have well-care provided for the child, get them vaccinated, address their issues, et cetera, and then have group counseling available… I think for mothers that are OUD, they have group and meetings to make and things like that. And so, I think if you could do it all at one time, I think you have a much better chance of them getting it more often and getting it on time.” (Clinician)
Clinician skills and experience in caring for mothers with OUD 42% of Mothers 85% of Clinicians	• “I think it would be so useful, because just feeling comfortable around your own kind almost, and all that, and not feeling judged, and knowing that they have extra experience with people who suffer [from SUD].” [Mother] • “I feel like I don’t always address it head on with the family because I find it’s an awkward conversation to have and I don’t want to offend anyone by bringing it up. So I think it’s just an uncomfortable topic to talk about. So kind of more training on how to approach those conversations would be helpful.” (Clinician)
More time for patient care as an intervention benefit 45% of Mothers 38% of Clinicians	• “Like I said, the most thing that I like is that they take their time…. They actually listen to what the problem is and they try to help you.” (Mother) • “I mean, if it works well, it can allow you to see more people and be a more effective educator and, ultimately, provide better care. It would be more streamlined instead of piecemeal. You could get to know the patients and their parents a lot better as well, and identify different risks or gaps in care.” (Clinician)
Clinician continuity as an intervention benefit 16% of Mothers 38% of Clinicians	• “I think you’d have a better personal relationship with your doctor. I think that’s important because my daughter had a bunch of different pediatricians, it wasn’t the same doctor. If the group settings were like that I think that would help too, if it was the same primary one or at least if it was two practitioners… I feel like it's just more comfortable and maybe easier to talk to the doctor if you have a more familiar one time to time than just a rotating staff.” (Mother) • “I think it would definitely help if you were the same provider, the same doctor seeing these babies at every visit, then I think it would be nice to have a little bit better continuity of care then we get some time with these families.” (Clinician)

Theme

Representative quote

Facilitators

Focus on maternal recovery and wellness as an intervention benefit

100% of Mothers

100% of Clinicians

• “If they’re new moms and they never had babies before, I think just education as far as methadone, how it… Especially if they’re new moms on methadone, if they’ve never been on methadone before, if they've never had a child on methadone before, and educating them on how this might work or how the babies might deal with coming into the world and what it might look like for them and what their care might look like and what the mother's care might look like and how they can be supported. Because that's really hard” (Mother)

• “I think that it may be worth thinking about the patient education handouts that are given at the end, and whether it may be worth editing for some specific needs that this population may have.” (Clinician)

Peer support as an intervention benefit

97% of Mothers

85% of Clinicians

• “There would probably be less judgment and at least two, like I would probably feel more comfortable because I'd already be in like an atmosphere where the other mothers are on the same note as me. And I'm also just like, again with being able to relate to other mothers, like they’re going through the same things that I am and their children most likely are too. Maybe they’re even going through things that my child might go through later that we’re getting like a head's up. So stuff like that.” (Mother)

• “I think the reassurance of hearing other moms discuss the questions they have and what they're going through with their own babies would make a lot of moms feel like they're not alone and this is what everybody's going through and that would be reassuring. So I think that was definitely kind of the biggest benefit in terms of the care, and also that feeling of community, like you belong to this group, which I think would be really helpful for them.” (Clinician)

Accessibility and coordination of care as an intervention benefit

87% of Mothers

69% of Clinicians

• “I think a lot more women are going to make sure that they show up to appointments because it's at the clinic too. It makes it a little bit more … one of the reasons I would do it is because I already go there and it would make a lot more sense to just make everything at one stop, like a one-stop shop, instead of traveling all over downtown.” (Mother)

• “I think the biggest benefit is the one-stop shopping, because I think if you can have well-care provided for the child, get them vaccinated, address their issues, et cetera, and then have group counseling available… I think for mothers that are OUD, they have group and meetings to make and things like that. And so, I think if you could do it all at one time, I think you have a much better chance of them getting it more often and getting it on time.” (Clinician)

Clinician skills and experience in caring for mothers with OUD

42% of Mothers

85% of Clinicians

• “I think it would be so useful, because just feeling comfortable around your own kind almost, and all that, and not feeling judged, and knowing that they have extra experience with people who suffer [from SUD].” [Mother]

• “I feel like I don’t always address it head on with the family because I find it’s an awkward conversation to have and I don’t want to offend anyone by bringing it up. So I think it’s just an uncomfortable topic to talk about. So kind of more training on how to approach those conversations would be helpful.” (Clinician)

More time for patient care as an intervention benefit

45% of Mothers

38% of Clinicians

• “Like I said, the most thing that I like is that they take their time…. They actually listen to what the problem is and they try to help you.” (Mother)

• “I mean, if it works well, it can allow you to see more people and be a more effective educator and, ultimately, provide better care. It would be more streamlined instead of piecemeal. You could get to know the patients and their parents a lot better as well, and identify different risks or gaps in care.” (Clinician)

Clinician continuity as an intervention benefit

16% of Mothers

38% of Clinicians

• “I think you’d have a better personal relationship with your doctor. I think that’s important because my daughter had a bunch of different pediatricians, it wasn’t the same doctor. If the group settings were like that I think that would help too, if it was the same primary one or at least if it was two practitioners… I feel like it's just more comfortable and maybe easier to talk to the doctor if you have a more familiar one time to time than just a rotating staff.” (Mother)

• “I think it would definitely help if you were the same provider, the same doctor seeing these babies at every visit, then I think it would be nice to have a little bit better continuity of care then we get some time with these families.” (Clinician)