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. 2023 Sep 22;27(Suppl 1):166–176. doi: 10.1007/s10995-023-03773-7

Table 4.

Association between smoking and maternal morbidity

Model 1:
Maternal morbidity during pregnancy
Model 2:
Maternal morbidity postpartum
Adjusted* Adjusted*
Variable PR (95% CI) P value** PR (95% CI) P value**
Smoking
No Reference Reference
Yes 1.28 (1.19–1.38) < 0.001 1.30 (1.22–1.38) < 0.001

* Adjusted for race, education, maternal age, insurance during pregnancy, WIC, parity, intimate partner violence

** Significance is < 0.05

CI: confidence interval

PR: prevalence ratio