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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Gastroenterol. 2023 May 12;118(11):2041–2051. doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002318

Table 3: Acute pancreatitis hazard ratios for MC patients diagnosed in Sweden 2003–2017 compared to matched reference individuals.

Adjusted for age, sex, county, calendar period, level of education, IBD and celiac disease

MC CC LC
HR [95% CI] HR [95% CI] HR [95% CI]
Total 1.57 [1.30–1.90] 1.67 [1.22–2.28] 1.53 [1.21–1.94]
SEX
Males 1.50 [1.07–2.10] 1.69 [0.89–3.21] 1.43 [0.97–2.13]
Females 1.62 [1.29–2.03] 1.66 [1.16–2.37] 1.60 [1.19–2.16]
AGE AT START FOLLOW UP
< 50 years 1.58 [0.98–2.55] 1.65 [0.75–3.63] 1.56 [0.85–2.84]
≥ 50 years 1.57 [1.28–1.94] 1.69 [1.21–2.38] 1.52 [1.17–1.97]
YEARS OF FOLLOW UP
< 1 1.82 [0.96–3.43] 1.42 [0.47–4.33] 2.07 [0.95–4.50]
1 < 5 1.71 [1.24–2.36] 1.78 [1.07–2.97] 1.68 [1.12–2.54]
5 < 10 1.33 [0.96–1.85] 1.39 [0.80–2.42] 1.31 [0.87–1.96]
> = 10 1.75 [1.14–2.67] 2.38 [1.17–4.82] 1.49 [0.88–2.54]
START OF FOLLOW UP
2003 – 2010 1.38 [1.08–1.77] 1.74 [1.20–2.51] 1.18 [0.85–1.66]
2011 – 2017 1.92 [1.43–2.57] 1.53 [0.86–42.73] 2.08 [1.48–2.93]
START OF FOLLOW UP
(with max 3 years of follow-up)
2003 – 2010 1.04 [0.56–1.92] 0.83 [0.29–2.39] 1.19 [0.55–2.56]
2011 – 2017 1.94 [1.18–3.20] 1.04 [0.35– 3.07] 2.44 [1.38–4.33]
COUNTRY OF BIRTH
Nordic 1.62 [1.33–1.98] 1.85 [1.34–2.55] 1.52 [1.18–1.96]
Other 2.32 [0.50–10.8] NA [NA-NA]** 3.54 [0.61–20.3]
EDUCATION
Compulsory school (< = 9 yrs) 1.66 [1.19–2.30] 1.65 [0.98–2.77] 1.68 [1.10–2.56]
Upper secondary school (10–12 yrs) 1.64 [1.23–2.21] 2.07 [1.31–3.26] 1.42 [0.97–2.09]
College or university (> = 13 yrs) 1.20 [0.79–1.80] 0.92 [0.39–2.13] 1.29 [0.80–2.07]
NA 5.71 [1.99–16.6] 3.34 [0.33–33.6] 10.62 [2.69–41.9]
COMORBIDITY
with IBD* NA [NA-NA] NA [NA-NA]* NA [NA-NA]*
without IBD 1.57 [1.30–1.90] 1.65 [1.21–2.26] 1.53 [1.21–1.94]
with celiac disease* NA [NA-NA] NA [NA-NA]* NA [NA-NA]*
without celiac disease 1.59 [1.32–1.93] 1.70 [1.25–2.32] 1.55 [1.22–1.96]
*

No events

**

Only event in reference individuals