Table 3.
Factors associated with the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome. Statistically significant results are shown in bold font. Chi square test was used.
| Variables | Metabolic syndrome | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Positive (131, 33.50%) | Negative (260, 66.50%) | ||
| Duration of betel quid chewing | |||
| Non-chewers | 65 (49.62%) | 144 (55.38%) | 0.067 |
| <10 years | 19 (14.50%) | 51 (19.62%) | |
| ≥10 years | 47 (35.88%) | 65 (25.00%) | |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 81 (61.83%) | 179 (68.85%) | 0.165 |
| Female | 50 (38.17%) | 81 (31.15%) | |
| Age | |||
| <40 yr. | 26 (19.85%) | 133 (51.15%) | <0.001 |
| >40 yr. | 105 (80.15%) | 127 (48.85%) | |
| Education | |||
| Up to Secondary school | 70 (53.44%) | 136 (52.31%) | 0.833 |
| More than Secondary school | 61 (46.56%) | 124 (47.69%) | |
| Occupation | 0.135 | ||
| Govt servant/Company employee / Own business | 67 (51.15%) | 154 (59.23%) | |
| Others (Laborer /Unemployed/ /Farmer/Driver) | 60 (45.80%) | 93 (35.77%) | |
| Students | 4 (3.05%) | 13 (5.00%) | |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 90 (68.70%) | 149 (57.31%) | <0.05 |
| Single/other | 41 (31.30%) | 111 (42.69%) | |
| Smoking | |||
| Current smoker | 26 (19.85%) | 58 (22.31%) | 0.842 |
| Ex-smoker | 10 (7.63%) | 18 (6.92%) | |
| Non-smoker | 95 (72.52%) | 184 (70.77%) | |
| Alcohol drinking | |||
| Current drinker | 37 (28.24%) | 74 (28.46%) | 0.998 |
| Ex-drinker | 14 (10.69%) | 28 (10.77%) | |
| Non-drinker | 80 (61.07%) | 158 (60.77%) | |
| Exercise | |||
| Doing exercise | 59 (45.04%) | 106 (40.77%) | 0.42 |
| Not doing exercise | 72 (54.96%) | 154 (59.23%) | |
| Family history of hypertension | |||
| Yes | 48 (36.64%) | 30 (11.54%) | <0.001 |
| No | 83 (63.36%) | 230 (88.46%) | |
| Family history of diabetes mellitus | |||
| Yes | 27 (20.61%) | 4 (1.54%) | <0.001 |
| No | 104 (79.39%) | 256 (98.46%) | |
| Family history of CVD | |||
| Yes | 5 (3.82%) | 6 (2.31%) | 0.394 |
| No | 126 (96.18%) | 254 (97.69%) | |