Table 5.

Association of stratified age and sex with the presence of metabolic syndrome in betel quid chewers and non-chewers. Statistically significant results are shown in bold font

Stratified factors	Independent variables	Odd ratio (95% CI) for MS
Age	No. of betel quid pieces/day
All age groups	Non-chewer	1
	<10	0.79 (0.43-1.43)
	≥10	1.69 (1.04-2.76)*
≤40 year	Non-chewer	1
	<10	0.78 (0.38-1.59)
	≥10	1.64 (0.89-3.00)
>40 year	Non-chewer	1
	<10	0.57 (0.15-2.14)
	≥10	1.42 (0.53-3.71)
Age	Years of betel quid chewing
All age groups	Non-chewer	1
	<10	0.82 (0.45-1.51)
	≥10	1.60 (0.99-2.58)
≤40 year	Non-chewer	1
	<10	1.54 (0.67-3.56)
	≥10	1.14 (0.65-1.99)
>40 year	Non-chewer	1
	<10	0.54 (0.16-1.75)
	≥10	1.99 (0.70-5.68)
Sex	No. of betel quid pieces/day
All subjects	Non-chewer	1
	<10	0.79 (0.43-1.42)
	≥10	1.69 (1.04-2.76) *
Male	Non-chewer	1
	<10	0.67 (0.29-1.54)
	≥10	2.49 (1.36-4.57) **
Female	Non-chewer	1
	<10	0.84 (0.35-2.06)
	≥10	0.76 (0.32-1.85)
Sex	Years of betel quid chewing
All subjects	Non-chewer	1
	<10	0.82 (0.45-1.51)
	≥10	1.60 (0.99-2.58)
Male	Non-chewer	1
	<10	0.62 (0.23-1.62)
	≥10	2.15 (1.21-3.84) **
Female	Non-chewer	1
	<10	0.79 (0.34-1.82)
	≥10	0.82 (0.32-2.13)

^**p<0.001,

^*p<0.05