Table 3.

Characteristics of included studies of walking intervention and control group

Sl. No.	Authors and year	Participants (Recruited, age and sex)	Intervention (Type, intensity and duration)	Comparison condition	Outcomes	Study design
1	Leischik 2021	Waking – M/F 17/0, Age 60.4 ± 5.9 Control – M/F 16/0, Age 59.1 ± 8.5	Walking 40 min/day, 3 days/week for 12 weeks	Control group with standard medication	FPG, HbA1c, Lipids	RCT
2	Yuniartika et al., 2021	Walking – M/F 5/13, Age 61.33 Control – M/F 8/10, Age 51.11	Walking 30 min/day, 3 days/week for 12 weeks	Control group with standard medication	FBG, Lipids	RCT
3	Saberipour et al., 2020	Walking – M/F 33/0, Age 49.83 ± 9.58 Control – M/F 33/0, Age 51.66 ± 11.06	Walking 60 min/day, 3 days/week for 8 weeks	Control group with standard medication	FBG, Lipids, BP, BMI	RCT
4	Rafii et al., 2018	Waking – M/F 15/18, Age 53.18 ± 4.99 Control – M/F 14/20, Age 51.85 ± 7.83	Walking 30 min/day, 3 days/week for 8 weeks	Control group with standard medication	FBG, BMI	RCT
5	Akbarina et al., 2018	Waking – M/F 0/12, Age 61.92 ± 3.63 Control – M/F 0/12, Age 61.92 ± 3.63	Walking 45-60 min/day, 3 days/week for 8 weeks	Control group with standard medication	FBG, BMI, HbA1c, Lipids	RCT
6	Keerthi et al., 2017	Walking – M/F 30/28, Age 37.28 ± 6.21 Control – M/F 32/27, Age 36.72 ± 6.12	Walking 45 min/day, 3 days/week for 12 weeks	Control group with standard medication	FPG, Fasting Insulin, HOMA-IR, QoL, IDRS	RCT
7	Karstoft et al., 2013	Waking – M/F 4/8, Age 60.8 ± 2.2 Control – M/F 3/5, Age 57 ± 3.0	Walking 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 16 weeks	Control group with standard medication	FBG, Fasting Insulin, HbA1c, BP, Lipids.	RCT

FPG – Fasting Plasma Glucose; FBG – Fasting Blood Glucose; BP – Blood Pressure; BMI – Body Mass Index; HbA1c – Glycosylated hemoglobin; HOMA-IR – Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; IDRS – Indian Diabetes Risk Score; RCT – Randomized Controlled Trial