Table 6.
Exploratory results on the association of patient characteristics with malignancy
| Characteristics | Crude OR (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|
| Age (in years) | 1.00 (0.96-1.05) | 0.967 |
| Sex | ||
| Female | Ref | Ref |
| Male | 0.51 (0.12-2.11) | 0.351 |
| Past medical history | ||
| Thyroid disease | ||
| Without | Ref | Ref |
| With | 1.72 (0.07-44.10) | 0.743 |
| Family history: Thyroid dysfunction | ||
| No | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 0.51 (0.12-2.11) | 0.351 |
| Family history: Thyroid malignancy | ||
| No | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 1.78 (0.26-12.24) | 0.557 |
| Smoking status | ||
| No | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 0.53 (0.09-3.35) | 0.504 |
| Alcohol consumption | ||
| No | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 1.26 (0.31-5.07) | 0.746 |
| Presence of obstructive symptoms | ||
| No | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 0.77 (0.14-4.27) | 0.764 |
| Thyroid medications | ||
| No | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 0.78 (0.20-2.96) | 0.712 |
| Sonographic pattern | ||
| Very low/low | Ref | Ref |
| Intermediate | 0.96 (0.28-3.33) | 0.949 |
| High | 1.83 (0.49-6.76) | 0.368 |
| Size of thyroid nodule | ||
| ≥1 cm | Ref | Ref |
| <1 cm | 2.24 (0.34-14.81) | 0.401 |
| Vascularity | ||
| Non-vascular | Ref | Ref |
| Vascular | 1.02 (0.20-5.26) | 0.984 |
| Calcification | ||
| Negative | Ref | Ref |
| Positive | 1.63 (0.47-5.64) | 0.443 |
| Echogenicity | ||
| Isoechoic | Ref | Ref |
| Hypoechoic | 1.17 (0.40-3.41) | 0.771 |
| Hyperechoic | 0.60 (0.06-6.54) | 0.675 |
| First FNAB | ||
| Cytologic atypia | Ref | Ref |
| Architectural atypia | 0.11 (0.01-1.10) | 0.061 |
| Both cytologic and architectural atypia | 0.90 (0.23-3.52) | 0.876 |
| Second FNAB | ||
| Cytologic atypia | Ref | Ref |
| Architectural atypia | 0.27 (0.04-1.68) | 0.161 |
| Both cytologic and architectural atypia | 1.63 (0.44-6.07) | 0.470 |