Table 4.

Associated Between Isolated Diastolic Hypertension and Composite Cardiovascular Outcome and All-Cause Mortality

Composite of MI, stroke, PAD, and CHF
	No. of Patients at Baseline in Each Category	No. of Events	Event Rate Per 1,000 Person-Y	Unadjusted	Model A	Model B	Model C
				HR (95% CI)
Normotension (reference group)	2,919	694	32	—	—	—	—
Isolated diastolic hypertension	347	51	17	0.55 (0.41-0.73); P < 0.001∗	0.65 (0.49-0.87); P = 0.004∗	0.90 (0.64-1.26); P = 0.53	0.91 (0.65-1.27); P = 0.58
Isolated systolic hypertension	1,447	450	58	1.71 (1.52-1.93); P < 0.001∗	1.51 (1.33-1.70); P < 0.001∗	1.33 (1.15-1.54); P < 0.001∗	1.20 (1.03-1.39); P = 0.02∗
Systolic diastolic hypertension	908	245	49	1.46 (1.26-1.69); P < 0.001∗	1.51 (1.30-1.75); P < 0.001∗	1.55 (1.30-1.85); P < 0.001∗	1.41 (1.17-1.71); P < 0.001∗

All-cause mortality
	N (no. of Patients at Baseline in Each Category)	No. of Events	Event Rate Per 1,000 Person-Y	Unadjusted	Model A	Model B	Model C
				HR (95% CI)
Normotension (reference group)	2,919	624	24	—	—	—	—
Isolated diastolic hypertension	347	36	10	0.42 (0.30-0.58); P < 0.001∗	0.59 (0.41-0.81); P = 0.002∗	0.75 (0.52-1.09); P = 0.13	0.82 (0.57-1.19); P = 0.30
Isolated systolic hypertension	1,447	350	36	1.58 (1.38-1.80); P < 0.001∗	1.24 (1.09-1.42); P = 0.002∗	1.12 (96-1.31); P = 0.14	1.11 (0.94-1.30); P = 0.22
Systolic diastolic hypertension	908	176	29	1.23 (1.04-1.45); P = 0.02∗	1.26 (1.07-1.50); P = 0.007∗	1.41 (1.16-1.70); P < 0.001∗	1.42 (1.16-1.74); P < 0.001∗

Note: Model A: adjusted for age (years), sex (men or women), race (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and others), and center (7 categories). Model B: adjusted for model A plus diabetes mellitus (yes or no), smoking status (never or past or current), cardiovascular disease (yes or no), BMI (kg/m²), antihypertensive medications, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL). Model C: adjusted for model B plus eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²) and 24-hour urine protein (gm).

^∗P < 0.05.