. 2023 Nov 11;9(11):e22133. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22133

Table 3.

Mean score of the rangeland condition assessment in Ewa rangeland, Afar, Ethiopia.

Grazing intensity	Upland
Grazing intensity	GC	NS	AC	BC	LC	SE	SC	TS	RC
LG	1.33 (0.23)^c	0.73 (0.23)^a	1.00 (0.20)^a	1.93 (0.50)^c	1.67 (0.70)^b	4.20 (0.80)^a	4.60 (0.70)^a	15.46 (1.60)^c	Poor
MG	0.87 (0.23)^b	0.47 (0.12)^a	0.73 (0.23)^a	0.93 (0.12)^b	0.80 (0.00)^a	3.13 (0.42)^a	3.87 (0.12)^a	10.80 (1.40)^b	Poor
HG	0.00 (0.00)^a	0.00 (0.00)^b	0.00 (0.00)^b	0.00 (0.00)^a	0.00 (0.00)^a	1.87 (0.46)^b	1.87 (0.64)^b	3.74 (1.00)^a	Very poor
P-value	0.005	0.013	0.01	0.005	0.019	0.025	0.017	0.001
	Lowland
	GC	NS	AC	BC	LC^ns	SE^ns	SC^ns	TS
LG	1.27 (0.31)^a	1.20 (0.35)^b	1.13 (0.50)^b	2.20 (0.40)^c	1.07 (1.22)	4.47 (0.76)	4.67 (0.31)	16.01 (1.61)^c	Poor
MG	0.80 (0.53)^a	0.27 (0.23)^a	0.53 (0.31)^ab	1.26 (0.61)^b	0.27 (0.46)	3.60 (0.00)	4.27 (0.12)	11.00 (1.70)^b	Poor
HG	0.00 (0.00)^b	0.00 (0.00)^a	0.00 (0.00)^a	0.00 (0.00)^a	0.00 (0.00)	3.93 (0.64)	4.47 (0.12)	8.4 (2.10)^a	Very poor
P-value	0.021	0.005	0.032	0.01	0.321	0.315	0.221	0.042

LG = Lightly grazed; MG = Moderately grazed; HG=Heavily grazed; GC = Grass composition; NS= Number of seedlings; AC= Age category; BC= Basal cover; LC= Litter cover; SE= Soil erosion; SC= Soil compaction; TS = Total score. RC=Range condition class. Standard deviation in parentheses. Means within columns with different letters are significantly different (Fisher's LSD test, P < 0.05). ^nsnot significant. Note that for GC, NS, AC, BC, LC, SE, SC and TS the values used in the analysis were scores. High score of soil erosion, for example, implies absence or less erosion.