Table 2.
Gender-specific estimates and linear regression coefficients for the association between 6th/7th/8th-grade sexual harassment victimization and concurrent psychological distress, as predicted by current-year sexual harassment victimization and potential confounders, among 4,718 middle school students in Kansas and Illinois
| Gender-specific estimates | b (95% CI) | p |
|---|---|---|
| Association between above-mean sexual harassment victimization and concurrent psychological distress score, girls | 2.12 (1.74, 2.50) | <0.001 |
| Association between above-mean sexual harassment victimization and concurrent psychological distress score, boys | 1.57 (1.22, 1.92) | <0.001 |
| Linear regression coefficients for concurrent psychological distress | b (95% CI) | p |
|
| ||
| Sexual harassment victimization above mean, time t | 2.12 (1.74, 2.50) | <0.001 |
| Male x sexual harassment victimization above mean, time t | −0.55 (−1.04, −0.06) | 0.032 |
| Sexual harassment victimization, time t-1 (z score) | −0.18 (−0.30, −0.05) | 0.008 |
| Time-varying potential confounders | ||
| Psychological distress, time t-1 (z score) | 3.68 (3.51, 3.85) | <0.001 |
| Bullying victimization, time t (z score) | 2.00 (1.83, 2.18) | <0.001 |
| Bullying victimization, time t-1 (z score) | −0.76 (−0.93, −0.60) | <0.001 |
| Gender (ref=female) | ||
| Male | −2.03 (−2.27, −1.79) | <0.001 |
| Race/ethnicity (ref=White) | ||
| Black or African American | −0.30 (−0.59, −0.02) | 0.046 |
| Hispanic or Latino/a/x | 0.26 (0.04, 0.49) | 0.023 |
| Asian or Asian American | 0.24 (−0.71, 1.19) | 0.636 |
| Biracial or multiracial | 0.11 (−0.36, 0.58) | 0.653 |
| Baseline family context variables | ||
| Family functioning - moderate (ref=low) | −0.12 (−0.25, 0.00) | 0.066 |
| Parental monitoring (z score) | −0.04 (−0.16, 0.08) | 0.501 |
| Child abuse victimization index | 0.04 (−0.14, 0.22) | 0.681 |
| Second Step implementation (ref=school did not implement Second Step) | ||
| Attended school that implemented Second Step | 0.06 (−0.15, 0.26) | 0.586 |
Note. Estimates are based on a repeated-measures linear generalized estimating equations model. Gender-specific estimates were calculated using the main effect and interaction terms for sexual harassment victimization from the linear regression model.