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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Dec 2.
Published in final edited form as: J Interpers Violence. 2022 Nov 11;38(9-10):6576–6600. doi: 10.1177/08862605221135166

Table 3.

Gender-specific estimates and linear regression coefficients for the association between 6th/7th-grade psychological distress and subsequent-year sexual harassment victimization among 4,718 middle school students in Kansas and Illinois

Gender-specific estimates b (95% CI) p
Association between above-mean psychological distress and subsequent-year sexual harassment victimization score, girls 0.25 (0.03, 0.47) 0.030
Association between above-mean psychological distress and subsequent-year sexual harassment victimization score, boys 0.11 (−0.16, 0.39) 0.440
Linear regression coefficients for subsequent-year sexual harassment victimization b (95% CI) p

Psychological distress above mean, time t 0.25 (0.03, 0.47) 0.030
Male x psychological distress above mean, time t −0.14 (−0.48, 0.20) 0.435
Psychological distress, time t-1 (z score) 0.03 (−0.10, 0.16) 0.633
Time-varying potential confounders
Sexual harassment victimization, time t (z score) 1.24 (1.01, 1.46) <0.001
Sexual harassment victimization, time t-1 (z score) 0.44 (0.25, 0.64) <0.001
Bullying victimization, time t (z score) 0.02 (−0.14, 0.19) 0.797
Bullying victimization, time t-1 (z score) 0.04 (−0.07, 0.16) 0.477
Gender (ref=female)
  Male −0.28 (−0.45, −0.12) 0.001
Race/ethnicity (ref=White)
  Black or African American 0.23 (−0.04, 0.49) 0.116
  Hispanic or Latino/a/x −0.27 (−0.45, −0.09) 0.006
  Asian or Asian American 0.14 (−0.36, 0.65) 0.580
  Biracial or multiracial 0.22 (−0.11, 0.54) 0.212
Baseline family context variables
Family functioning (z score) −0.03 (−0.12, 0.06) 0.489
Parental monitoring (z score) 0.04 (−0.03, 0.12) 0.280
Child abuse victimization index 0.00 (−0.13, 0.13) 0.969
Second Step implementation (ref=school did not implement Second Step)
  Attended school that implemented Second Step program −0.11 (−0.25, 0.03) 0.145

Note. Estimates are based on a repeated-measures linear generalized estimating equations model. Gender-specific estimates were calculated using the main effect and interaction terms for psychological distress from the linear regression model.