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. 2023 Nov 17;9:e50894. doi: 10.2196/50894

Table 3.

Pretreatment HIV drug resistance and mutations among HIV-positive individuals in 2022 in China.

Antiretroviral drug Prevalence, n % (95% CI) HIV drug resistance mutations and combination of mutations, n (%)
PR/RTa region (NNRTIsb, NRTIsc, PIsd) 190 7.4 (6.4-8.4)
NNRTIs 163 6.3 (5.4-7.3)

Efavirenz 157 6.1 (5.2-7) K103N/S: 81 (3.2)

Nevirapine 163 6.3 (5.4-7.3) V179D/E/IL: 39 (1.5)

  • V179D+E138A:14 (0.5)

  • V179E+E138G: 11 (0.1)

  • V179D+V106I: 2 (0.1)

  • V179E+K238N: 2 (0.1)

  • V179D+G190E: 1 (0.1)

  • V179D+Y181C+G190A+H221Y: 1 (0.1)

  • V179D+Y188F+K238T: 1 (0.1)

  • V179E+A98G: 1 (0.1)

  • V179E+K103N+E138A: 1 (0.1)

  • V179E+K103N+E138G: 1 (0.1)

  • V179E+K103N+V106M: 1 (0.1)

  • V179E+V108I: 1 (0.1)

  • V179E+H221Y: 1 (0.1)

  • V179IL+Y188L: 1 (0.1)

E138A/G/K: 31 (1.2)
V106A/M/I: 15 (0.6)

  • V106I+K103N: 5 (0.2)

  • V106I+V179D: 2 (0.1)

  • V106I+Y188L: 1 (0.1)

  • V106I+G190A: 1 (0.1)

G190C/A/E/S: 13 (0.5)
K101E/P: 9 (0.4)
Y181C: 9 (0.4)
A98G: 8 (0.5)
P225H: 8 (0.3)
Y188F/L/C: 6 (0.2)
V108I: 5 (0.2)
H221Y: 5 (0.2)
K238T: 3 (0.1)

  • K238N+V179E: 2 (0.1)

L100I/V: 2 (0.1)
NRTIs 32 1.2 (0.8-1.7)

Abacavir 19 0.7 (0.4-1.1) M184V/I: 13 (0.5)

Emtricitabine 15 0.6 (0.3-0.9) T215A/S/I: 5 (0.2)

Lamivudine 15 0.6 (0.3-0.9) T69D/DN/ADN/del: 5 (0.2)

Didanosine 13 0.5 (0.2-0.8) D67N: 5 (0.2)

Stavudine 17 0.7 (0.3-1) K70E/T/R: 5 (0.2)

Tenofovir 8 0.3 (0.1-0.5) K65R: 3 (0.1)

Zidovudine 10 0.4 (0.1-0.6) L210W/MRW: 2 (0.1)
L74I: 2 (0.1)
K219Q: 1 (0.1)
Y115F: 1 (0.1)
PIs 5 0.2 (0-0.3)

Atazanavir/r 4 0.1 (0-0.3) L90M/IM: 3 (0.1)

Darunavir/r 0
N88T: 1 (0.1)

Lopinavir/r 4 0.1 (0-0.3) V82IM: 1 (0.1)
Mutual drug resistance to NNRTIs and NRTIs 10 0.4 (0.1-0.6)

aPR/RT: protease and reverse transcriptase.

bNNRTIs: nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

cNRTIs: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

dPIs: protease inhibitors.