Figure 1.

AMPKα1 negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis.A, representative image of AMPKα1 and p-AMPKα1 protein expression during osteoclastogenesis, 0, 24, 48, and 72 h after RANKL stimulation. B, representative images of LysM^cre/0 and LysM^cre/0AMPKα1^f/f osteoclasts differentiation by TRAP staining. The scale bar corresponds to 200 μm. C, quantification of osteoclasts number and area in vitro. D, gene expression of osteoclast function markers (MMP-9 and cathepsin K). E, protein expression of cathepsin K. F, demineralization area of LysM^cre/0AMPKα1^f/f and LysM^cre/0 osteoclasts (n = 3, Student's t test ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). All experiments were performed three times. AMPKα1, AMP-activated protein kinase α1; MMP-9, matrix metallopeptidase 9; RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand; TRAP, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase.