Table 2.
Incidences and hazard ratios of herpes zoster for individuals with and without fatty liver by age, sex and comorbidity
| Variables | Herpes zoster | cHR | (95% CI) | aHR | (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | PY | IR | |||||
| Fatty liver | |||||||
| No | 4211 | 530,032 | 7.94 | 1.00 | (reference) | 1.00 | (reference) |
| Yes | 5346 | 557,454 | 9.59 | 1.14 | (1.09, 1.19)*** | 1.06 | (1.02, 1.10)*** |
| Fatty liver | |||||||
| Alcoholic fatty liver | 506 | 66,309 | 7.63 | 1.00 | (reference) | 1.00 | (reference) |
| Non-alcoholic fatty liver | 4840 | 491,144 | 9.85 | 1.41 | (1.29, 1.55)*** | 1.22 | (1.11, 1.33)*** |
| Sex | |||||||
| Female | 4853 | 449,245 | 10.80 | 1.00 | (reference) | 1.00 | (reference) |
| Male | 4704 | 638,240 | 7.37 | 0.68 | (0.66, 0.71)*** | 0.94 | (0.90, 0.98)*** |
| Age, year | |||||||
| 20–29 | 310 | 90,330 | 3.43 | 1.00 | (reference) | 1.00 | (reference) |
| 30–39 | 828 | 205,310 | 4.03 | 1.16 | (1.02, 1.32)* | 1.15 | (1.01, 1.31)* |
| 40–49 | 1921 | 279,967 | 6.86 | 1.93 | (1.71, 2.18)*** | 1.81 | (1.61, 2.05)*** |
| 50–59 | 3090 | 269,946 | 11.45 | 3.60 | (3.20, 4.04)*** | 3.11 | (2.77, 3.51)*** |
| 60–69 | 2147 | 153,953 | 13.95 | 4.77 | (4.24, 5.38)*** | 3.83 | (3.39, 4.32)*** |
| > 69 | 1261 | 87,978 | 14.33 | 6.49 | (5.73, 7.35)*** | 4.91 | (4.32, 5.59)*** |
| Comorbidities | |||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | |||||||
| No | 6955 | 859,546 | 8.09 | 1.00 | (reference) | 1.00 | (reference) |
| Yes | 2602 | 227,939 | 11.42 | 1.92 | (1.83, 2.01)*** | 1.33 | (1.27, 1.39)*** |
| Chronic kidney disease | |||||||
| No | 9376 | 1,072,661 | 8.74 | 1.00 | (reference) | 1.00 | (reference) |
| Yes | 181 | 14,824 | 12.21 | 2.57 | (2.22, 2.98)*** | 1.57 | (1.35, 1.82)*** |
| Coronary artery disease | |||||||
| No | 7130 | 902,654 | 7.90 | 1.00 | (reference) | 1.00 | (reference) |
| Yes | 2427 | 184,832 | 13.13 | 2.30 | (2.19, 2.41)*** | 1.40 | (1.33, 1.47)*** |
| Cancer | |||||||
| No | 9134 | 1,057,595 | 8.64 | 1.00 | (reference) | 1.00 | (reference) |
| Yes | 423 | 29,890 | 14.15 | 2.34 | (2.13, 2.59)*** | 1.70 | (1.54, 1.88)*** |
| Obesity | |||||||
| No | 9270 | 1,055,219 | 8.78 | 1.00 | (reference) | 1.00 | (reference) |
| Yes | 287 | 32,266 | 8.89 | 1.48 | (1.31, 1.66)*** | 1.69 | (1.50, 1.91)*** |
| Depression | |||||||
| No | 8628 | 999,558 | 8.63 | 1.00 | (reference) | 1.00 | (reference) |
| Yes | 929 | 87,928 | 10.57 | 1.73 | (1.62, 1.85)*** | 1.40 | (1.31, 1.51)*** |
PY: person-year; IR: incidence rate, per 1000 person-years; cHR: crude hazard ratio; aHR: adjusted hazard ratio, adjusted hazard ratio, adjusted for age, sex, index year and comorbidities; CI: confidence interval; *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001