Table 2.
Subgroup analyses of the association between IBD and risk of stroke.
| Subgroup | No. of studies | RR (95%CI) | Passociation | I2 (%) | Pheterogeneity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall studies | 17 | 1.19 (1.14–1.24) | P <0.00001 | 59% | P = 0.001 |
| Type of IBD | |||||
| Any IBD | 9 | 1.18 (1.14–1.21) | P <0.00001 | 0% | P = 0.83 |
| CD | 11 | 1.30 (1.20–1.41) | P <0.00001 | 65% | P = 0.002 |
| UC | 11 | 1.11 (1.06–1.16) | P <0.00001 | 36% | P = 0.11 |
| Follow-up period | |||||
| Less than 5 years | 8 | 1.21 (1.17–1.24) | P <0.00001 | 73% | P = 0.0005 |
| More than or equal to 5 years | 9 | 1.14 (1.10–1.17) | P <0.00001 | 0% | P = 0.72 |
| Adjustment for confounders | |||||
| cRR | 4 | 2.69 (2.61–2.78) | P <0.00001 | 99% | P <0.00001 |
| aRR | 15 | 1.17 (1.14–1.19) | P <0.00001 | 63% | P = 0.0005 |
| Age | |||||
| <40 years | 8 | 1.46 (1.17–1.82) | P = 0.0007 | 63% | P = 0.009 |
| ≥40 years | 12 | 1.22 (1.10–1.35) | P = 0.0001 | 80% | P <0.00001 |
| Race | |||||
| Caucasian | 12 | 1.21 (1.16–1.27) | P <0.00001 | 64% | P = 0.001 |
| Asian | 5 | 1.10 (1.02–1.19) | P = 0.02 | 17% | P = 0.30 |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 10 | 1.12 (1.06–1.19) | P <0.0001 | 31% | P = 0.16 |
| Female | 10 | 1.30 (1.18–1.42) | P <0.00001 | 68% | P = 0.0008 |
| Type of IBD and stroke | |||||
| CD (IS) | 2 | 1.23 (1.14–1.32) | P <0.00001 | 22% | P = 0.26 |
| UC (IS) | 2 | 1.14 (1.03–1.27) | P = 0.009 | 76% | P = 0.04 |
| CD (HS) | 2 | 1.38 (0.83–2.30) | P = 0.21 | 93% | P = 0.0001 |
| UC (HS) | 2 | 1.16 (0.85–1.58) | P = 0.35 | 87% | P = 0.006 |
CD, Crohn's disease; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; UC, ulcerative colitis; HS, hemorrhagic stroke; IS, ischemic stroke; cRR, crude relative ratio; aRR, adjustment relative ratio; CI, confidence interval.