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. 2023 Nov 16;14:1259350. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1259350

Table 8.

Characteristics of the external validation cohort.

Men Women P value
n=135 n=232
Age, years 78.0 ±6.4 76.8 ±7.4 0.117
Body height, cm 162.3 ±6.2 149.3 ±6.5 <0.001
Body weight, kg 60.8 ±10.0 51.5 ±10.1 <0.001
BMI, kg/m2 23.1 ±3.4 23.1 ±4.2 0.977
Sarcopenia diagnosis
Low muscle mass, n(%) 87 (64.4) 69 (29.7) <0.001
Low muscle function, n(%) 65 (48.1) 118 (50.9) 0.665
Sarcopenia, n(%) 44 (32.6) 43 (18.5) 0.003
Quantity
CSA, cm2 48.0 ±9.7 36.2 ±6.9 <0.001
CSA / Height, cm 0.295 ±0.056 0.242 ±0.043 <0.001
CSA / Height2, % 0.182 ±0.034 0.162 ±0.029 <0.001
CSA / Weight, cm2/kg 0.791 ±0.115 0.713 ±0.127 <0.001
CSA / BMI, 104·cm4/kg 2.09 ±0.34 1.59 ±0.32 <0.001
ASM, kg 17.7 ±2.7 13.1 ±2.3 <0.001
SMI, kg / m2 6.70 ±0.84 5.88 ±0.91 <0.001
ASM / Weight, % 29.3 ±2.6 25.7 ±2.6 <0.001
ASM / BMI, m2 0.77 ±0.10 0.58 ±0.08 <0.001
Quality
CTV, HU 46.8 ±5.6 43.5 ±5.7 <0.001
CTV / BMI, HU·m2/kg 2.08 ±0.41 1.96 ±0.46 0.01
KES / CSA, N/cm2 5.41 ±1.49 4.87 ±1.34 <0.001
Quality×Quantity
CSA × CTV, cm2·HU 2266 ±606 1587 ±421 <0.001
CSA × CTV / Height, cm·HU 13.9 ±3.5 10.6 ±2.7 <0.001
CSA × CTV / Height2, HU 0.086 ±0.021 0.071 ±0.017 <0.001
CSA × CTV / Weight, cm2·HU/kg 37.4 ±8.5 31.4 ±8.3 <0.001
CSA × CTV / BMI, 104·cm4·HU/kg 99 ±25 70 ±20 <0.001
Physical performance
Grip, kg 30.0 ±6.9 20.9 ±5.3 <0.001
KES, N 259 ±88 176 ±60 <0.001

Values are expressed as number (%).

Mean ± standard deviation.

Mean ± standard deviation.

P values were obtained using the t-test for continuous data and the χ2 test and fisher's exact test for categorical data.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CSA, cross-sectional area; ASM, appendicular skeletal muscle mass; SMI, skeletal muscle mass index; CTV, computed tomography attenuation value; HU, Hounsfield unit; KES, knee extension strength.