Table 3.

Cross-sectional associations of biological age measures with cognitive function.

Cognitive function (z scores)	KDM-BAacc				PD
	Model 1		Model 2		Model 1		Model 2
	β (95%CI)	p value	β (95%CI)	p value	β (95%CI)	p value	β (95%CI)	p value
Global	−0.008 (−0.014, −0.002)	0.008	−0.007 (−0.012, −0.001)	0.018	−0.045 (−0.062, −0.028)	<0.001	−0.034 (−0.050, −0.018)	<0.001
Memory	−0.010 (−0.018, −0.002)	0.013	−0.008 (−0.017, −0.000)	0.043	−0.034 (−0.058, −0.010)	0.005	−0.021 (−0.045,0.001)	0.065
Orientation	−0.002 (−0.011,0.005)	0.480	−0.007 (−0.015,0.001)	0.112	−0.050 (−0.074, −0.026)	<0.001	−0.042 (−0.065, −0.018)	<0.001
Executive	−0.007 (−0.015,0.000)	0.067	−0.007 (−0.015,0.001)	0.102	−0.052 (−0.075, −0.028)	<0.001	−0.041 (−0.063, −0.018)	<0.001

KDM-BAacc, Klemera and Doubal method, biological age acceleration; PD, physiological dysregulation; CI, confidence interval. Model 1 was adjusted for age and sex. Model 2 was additionally adjusted for education level, residence, BMI, marital status, current smoking and drinking status, night sleep and napping duration, depressive symptoms, and self-reported chronic diseases.