Table 3.
Regression analyses examining the association between cognitive performance assessment scores andvigorous-intensity physical activity (n = 2,377)
| β (95% CI) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Model | Unadjusted | Minimally adjusted | Fully adjusted | |||
| CERAD.IR | ||||||
| VPA<1 h | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
|
| ||||||
| VPA 1–3 h | 1.58 (0.86, 2.31)*** | 0.56(−0.12, 1.23)^ | 0.41 (−0.26, 1.08) | |||
| VPA 3–6 h | 1.26(0.39,2.14)** | 0.55 (−0.26, 1.36) | 0.42 (−0.39, 1.23) | |||
| VPA 6 + h | 0.69 (−0.06, 1.45)^ | 0.42 (−0.27, 1.12) | 0.30 (−0.40, 0.99) | |||
| R-squared | 0.01 | 0.188 | 0.197 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Partial Eta-squared | VPA | 0.011 | VPA | 0.002 | VPA | 0.001 |
| Gender | 0.041 | Gender | 0.033 | |||
| Age | 0.068 | Age | 0.044 | |||
| Race | 0.009 | Race | 0.007 | |||
| Education | 0.066 | Education | 0.056 | |||
| BMI | 0.001 | |||||
| Handgrip | 0.004 | |||||
|
| ||||||
| CERAD.DR | ||||||
| VPA< 1 h | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
|
| ||||||
| VPA 1–3 h | 0.84 (0.48, 1.20)*** | 0.37 (0.03, 0.71)* | 0.33 (−0.01, 0.67)^ | |||
| VPA 3–6 h | 0.60 (0.16, 1.04)** | 0.28 (−0.13, 0.69) | 0.23 (−0.18, 0.64) | |||
| VPA 6 + h | 0.24 (−0.13, 0.62) | 0.07 (−0.28, 0.42) | 0.04 (−0.31, 0.39) | |||
| R-squared | 0.01 | 0.172 | 0.18 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Partial Eta-squared | VPA | 0.011 | VPA | 0.003 | VPA | 0.002 |
| Gender | 0.036 | Gender | 0.025 | |||
| Age | 0.079 | Age | 0.051 | |||
| Race | 0.013 | Race | 0.014 | |||
| Education | 0.039 | Education | 0.034 | |||
| BMI | 0.005 | |||||
| Handgrip | 0.002 | |||||
|
| ||||||
| AFT | ||||||
| VPA< 1 h | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
|
| ||||||
| VPA 1–3 h | 2.69 (1.82, 3.56)*** | 1.01 (0.21, 1.82)* | 0.76 (−0.04, 1.56)^ | |||
| VPA 3–6 h | 3.23 (2.18, 4.28)*** | 1.57 (0.60, 2.53)** | 1.27 (0.31, 2.24)** | |||
| VPA 6 + h | 1.86(0.96, 2.77)*** | 1.03 (0.20, 1.86)* | 0.83 (0.00, 1.66)^ | |||
| R-squared | 0.031 | 0.208 | 0.226 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Partial Eta-squared | VPA | 0.032 | VPA | 0.008 | VPA | 0.005 |
| Age | 0.067 | Age | 0.043 | |||
| Race | 0.070 | Race | 0.069 | |||
| Education | 0.074 | Education | 0.061 | |||
| BMI | 0.003 | |||||
| Handgrip | 0.007 | |||||
|
| ||||||
| DSS | ||||||
| VPA< 1 h | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
|
| ||||||
| VPA 1–3 h | 9.43(6.73,12.13)*** | 2.75 (0.72, 4.78)** | 1.81 (−0.18, 3.80)^ | |||
| VPA 3–6 h | 9.48(6.22,12.74)*** | 3.68 (1.22, 6.13)** | 2.81 (0.41, 5.22)* | |||
| VPA 6 + h | 4.28 (1.47, 7.09)** | 2.03 (−0.07, 4.13)^ | 1.16 (−0.90, 3.22) | |||
| R-squared | 0.031 | 0.473 | 0.499 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Partial Eta-squared | VPA | 0.033 | VPA | 0.007 | VPA | 0.003 |
| Gender | 0.047 | Gender | 0.055 | |||
| Age | 0.129 | Age | 0.113 | |||
| Race | 0.116 | Race | 0.120 | |||
| Education | 0.246 | Education | 0.224 | |||
| BMI | 0.001 | |||||
| Handgrip | 0.015 | |||||
Minimally adjusted model included the covariates age, gender, race, and education Fully adjusted model included the covariates age, gender, race, education, marital status, BMI, handgrip strength, hypertension status, diabetes status, depression status, comorbid score, and serum HDL level.
***
p<0.001,
**
p<0.01,
*
p<0.05.
^
p<0.1 Ref, reference category; CERAD.IR, immediate recall memory test; CERAD.DR, delayed recall memory test; AFT, animal fluency test; DSS, digit symbol substitution test. Effect size is represented by Partial Eta-squared.