Adenomyosis presents significant challenges in treatment, with current literature primarily focusing on managing abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and dysmenorrhea, the main symptoms associated with the condition.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and tranexamic acid have limited roles in therapy, mainly providing support for mild symptoms or symptom re-exacerbation during hormone therapy. Progestins such as LNG-IUS (levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system) and oral dienogest are commonly used in adenomyosis management, showing promise in improving symptoms and reducing uterine size. However, the lack of guidelines hampers their standardized use.

Literature evaluating the medical treatment of adenomyosis-related infertility is very limited.

Further research is needed to establish evidence-based guidelines for the medical management of adenomyosis. Additionally, the investigation of new treatment targets, including GnRH antagonists and aromatase inhibitors, holds promise but requires more exploration for their potential in adenomyosis treatment.