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. 2023 Dec 2;196(1):1. doi: 10.1007/s10661-023-12132-6

Table 4.

Comparison of the canopy leaching values (mmol m−2 year−1) of K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ between deciduous (Dec) and coniferous (Con) species during the annual, growing, and dormant periods in this and previous studies

Canopy leaching (mmol m–2 year–1)
Elements Annual Growing Dormant Site
Dec Con Dec Con Dec Con
K+ 27.8 (8.6) 23.5 (1.9) 22.8 (5.6) 18.9 (1.5) 5.2 (2.8) 5.0 (1.2) Ontario
39.6 26.2 37.0 20.8 2.1 5.4 Quebec
32.9 21.3 28.0 14.2 4.5 7.9 Merksplas
80.0 (25.3) 62.4 (12.2) 67.7 (31.2) 40.1 (8.0) 11.5 (6.3) 20.3 (5.2) Chichibu
114.4 (10.1) 77.8 (7.6) 107.3 (10.5) 55.5 (6.4) 7.1 (2.7) 21.5 (4.3) Tanashi
Mg2+ 5.0 (0.9) 5.0 (0.4) 4.1 (0.2) 3.4 (0.3) 1.0 (0.6) 1.9 (0.6) Ontario
3.2 4.0 2.9 2.6 0.4 1.5 Quebec
2.8 3.3 2.6 2.8 0.5 0.9 Merksplas
4.3 (0.5) 6.5 (2.2) 3.1 (0.9) 3.8 (1.4) 1.1 (0.5) 2.5 (1.0) Chichibu
11.8 (1.2) 12.0 (3.6) 10.9 (1.1) 9.1 (3.1) 1.0 (0.4) 3.1 (0.6) Tanashi
Ca2+ 11.1 (3.8) 15.5 (3.0) 8.6 (1.3) 9.2 (0.3) 3.3 (2.4) 7.3 (3.3) Ontario
8.1 8.9 6.9 5.7 1.2 3.4 Quebec
 − 0.5  − 3.1 1.6  − 0.3  − 2.1  − 2.2 Merksplas
8.2 (2.1) 29.3 (4.9) 5.3 (2.4) 20.4 (4.1) 3.0 (1.3) 8.4 (2.0) Chichibu
20.8 (3.2) 28.6 (4.9) 16.1 (2.1) 21.1 (4.2) 4.7 (1.4) 7.4 (1.6) Tanashi

Values in parentheses are standard deviations