Table 4.
COPD-incidences by year of observation and income in women and men.
| Year 2008 | Men | Women | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | p | 95% CI | HR | p | 95% CI | |
| Ref | – | – | 1 | – | – | |
| Income level < 40% of the national average | ||||||
| 2009 | 0.86 | 0.001 | 0.79–0.94 | 0.85 | < 0.001 | 0.78–0.92 |
| 2010 | 1.05 | 0.32 | 0.96–1.14 | 0.95 | 0.22 | 0.88–1.03 |
| 2011 | 0.86 | < 0.001 | 0.80–0.94 | 0.82 | < 0.001 | 0.76–0.88 |
| 2012 | 0.77 | < 0.001 | 0.71–0.84 | 0.76 | < 0.001 | 0.71–0.82 |
| 2013 | 0.88 | 0.001 | 0.81–0.96 | 0.84 | < 0.001 | 0.78–0.91 |
| 2014 | 0.83 | < 0.001 | 0.77–0.92 | 0.75 | < 0.001 | 0.69–0.81 |
| 2015 | 0.83 | < 0.001 | 0.76–0.91 | 0.75 | < 0.001 | 0.69–0.81 |
| 2016 | 0.72 | < 0.001 | 0.66–0.78 | 0.66 | < 0.001 | 0.61–0.72 |
| 2017 | 0.65 | < 0.001 | 0.59–0.71 | 0.61 | < 0.001 | 0.56–0.66 |
| 2018 | 0.64 | < 0.001 | 0.59–0.71 | 0.56 | < 0.001 | 0.51–0.60 |
| 2019 | 0.59 | < 0.001 | 0.54–0.65 | 0.5 | < 0.001 | 0.46–0.54 |
| Age (months) | 1.021 | < 0.001 | 1.0206–1.0220 | 1.0083 | < 0.001 | 1.0078–1.0088 |
| Income level 40–80% of the national average | ||||||
| Year 2008 | 1 | – | – | 1 | – | – |
| 2009 | 0.89 | 0.02 | 0.81–0.98 | 0.82 | < 0.001 | 0.74–0.92 |
| 2010 | 1.02 | 0.75 | 0.92–1.11 | 1.19 | 0.002 | 1.07–1.32 |
| 2011 | 0.81 | < 0.001 | 0.75–0.88 | 0.88 | 0.02 | 0.81–0.98 |
| 2012 | 0.83 | < 0.001 | 0.76–0.91 | 0.88 | 0.02 | 0.80–0.98 |
| 2013 | 0.84 | < 0.001 | 0.76–0.92 | 0.9 | 0.05 | 0.81–0.99 |
| 2014 | 0.77 | < 0.001 | 0.70–0.84 | 0.92 | 0.1 | 0.83–1.02 |
| 2015 | 0.75 | < 0.001 | 0.69–0.83 | 0.75 | 0.03 | 0.81–0.99 |
| 2016 | 0.67 | < 0.001 | 0.61–0.73 | 0.89 | < 0.001 | 0.71–0.88 |
| 2017 | 0.62 | < 0.001 | 0.56–0.68 | 0.82 | < 0.001 | 0.74–0.91 |
| 2018 | 0.58 | < 0.001 | 0.54–0.64 | 0.7 | < 0.001 | 0.63–0.78 |
| 2019 | 0.54 | < 0.001 | 0.49–0.59 | 0.62 | < 0.001 | 0.56–0.69 |
| Age (months) | 1.0206 | < 0.001 | 1.0200–1.0212 | 1.0139 | < 0.001 | 1.0134–1.0145 |
| Income level > 80% of the national average | ||||||
| 2009 | 0.97 | 0.55 | 0.87–1.08 | 0.95 | 0.58 | 0.79–1.14 |
| 2010 | 1.18 | 0.01 | 1.01–1.32 | 1 | 0.99 | 0.83–1.20 |
| 2011 | 0.94 | 0.16 | 0.86–1.03 | 0.98 | 0.78 | 0.82–1.16 |
| 2012 | 0.92 | 0.08 | 0.83–1.01 | 0.87 | 0.11 | 0.73–1.03 |
| 2013 | 1.08 | 0.13 | 0.98–1.20 | 1 | 0.99 | 0.84–1.20 |
| 2014 | 0.91 | 0.06 | 0.83–1.01 | 0.75 | 0.01 | 0.62–0.90 |
| 2015 | 0.99 | 0.91 | 0.90–1.10 | 0.87 | 0.13 | 0.73–1.04 |
| 2016 | 0.88 | 0.02 | 0.80–0.98 | 0.78 | 0.001 | 0.66–0.94 |
| 2017 | 0.81 | < 0.001 | 0.73–0.90 | 0.69 | < 0.001 | 0.58–0.83 |
| 2018 | 0.75 | < 0.001 | 0.68–0.82 | 0.61 | < 0.001 | 0.52–0.72 |
| 2019 | 0.72 | < 0.001 | 0.65–0.79 | 0.59 | < 0.001 | 0.51–0.69 |
| Age (months) | 1.0298 | < 0.001 | 1.0289–1.0307 | 1.0202 | < 0.001 | 1.0190–1.0214 |
| Income data missing | ||||||
| 2009 | 0.93 | 0.12 | 0.85–1.02 | 1 | 0.91 | 0.93–1.09 |
| 2010 | 1.03 | 0.42 | 0.95–1.13 | 1.02 | 0.56 | 0.95–1.11 |
| 2011 | 0.89 | 0.01 | 0.82–0.96 | 0.96 | 0.28 | 0.90–1.03 |
| 2012 | 0.89 | 0.01 | 0.82–0.97 | 0.84 | < 0.001 | 0.78–0.90 |
| 2013 | 0.89 | 0.01 | 0.81–0.96 | 0.95 | 0.22 | 0.88–1.03 |
| 2014 | 0.8 | < 0.001 | 0.73–0.87 | 0.82 | < 0.001 | 0.76–0.89 |
| 2015 | 0.76 | < 0.001 | 0.69–0.83 | 0.83 | < 0.001 | 0.76–0.89 |
| 2016 | 0.68 | < 0.001 | 0.62–0.74 | 0.7 | < 0.001 | 0.62–0.73 |
| 2017 | 0.55 | < 0.001 | 0.50–0.60 | 0.55 | < 0.001 | 0.50–0.60 |
| 2018 | 0.54 | < 0.001 | 0.49–0.60 | 0.53 | < 0.001 | 0.49–0.58 |
| 2019 | 0.49 | < 0.001 | 0.45–0.54 | 0.48 | < 0.001 | 0.44–0.52 |
| Age (months) | 1.032 | < 0.001 | 1.0312–1.0328 | 1.021 | < 0.001 | 1.0202–1.0217 |