Table 2.
Univariate logistic regression for the association of suspected influence factors with SSIs and other HAIs
| Exposure | SSIs | Other HAIs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Patient characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.02) | 0.359 | 1.01 (0.99, 1.02) | 0.448 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | ||
| Female | 0.53 (0.35, 0.80) | 0.002 | 0.60 (0.38, 0.95) | 0.031 |
| Diabetes | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 0.96 (0.58, 1.60) | 0.882 | 1.47 (0.87, 2.49) | 0.149 |
| Length of hospital stay | 1.06 (1.05, 1.08) | < 0.001 | 1.07 (1.06, 1.09) | < 0.001 |
| Surgical variables | ||||
| Surgical category | ||||
| Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 1 | 1 | ||
| Distal pancreatectomy | 0.31 (0.18, 0.52) | < 0.001 | 0.28 (0.14, 0.54) | < 0.001 |
| Others | 0.47 (0.26, 0.83) | 0.009 | 1.03 (0.60, 1.76) | 0.928 |
| Surgical approach | ||||
| Non-endoscopic surgery | 1 | 1 | ||
| Endoscopic surgery | 0.57 (0.29, 1.12) | 0.102 | 0.46 (0.20, 1.08) | 0.073 |
| Emergency | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.71 (0.84, 3.48) | 0.137 | 1.31 (0.55, 3.15) | 0.542 |
| ASA score | ||||
| 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 1 | 1.73 (1.14, 2.63) | 0.010 | 1.68 (1.04, 2.72) | 0.033 |
| NNIS score | ||||
| 1 (0 and 1 point) | 1 | 1 | ||
| 2 (2 and 3 points) | 2.04 (1.31, 3.19) | 0.002 | 1.52 (0.89, 2.60) | 0.126 |
| Inpatient department | ||||
| Nonpancreatic center | 1 | 1 | ||
| Pancreatic center | 0.61 (0.34, 1.09) | 0.097 | 0.80 (0.39, 1.65) | 0.540 |
| Surgeon | ||||
| Doctor 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Doctor 2 | 2.23 (0.82, 6.07) | 0.118 | 3.27 (0.73, 14.69) | 0.122 |
| Doctor 3 | 1.76 (0.68, 4.57) | 0.243 | 2.85 (0.67, 12.14) | 0.156 |
| Doctor 4 | 1.32 (0.41, 4.22) | 0.644 | 4.42 (0.93, 20.86) | 0.061 |
| Doctor 5 | 0.26 (0.03, 2.30) | 0.226 | 3.70 (0.69, 19.87) | 0.128 |
| Doctor 6 | 1.16 (0.39, 3.44) | 0.784 | 3.04 (0.66, 13.99) | 0.153 |
| Others | 2.41 (0.83, 6.97) | 0.105 | 3.52 (0.74, 16.82) | 0.115 |
| Surgical time (h) | 1.40 (1.25, 1.57) | < 0.001 | 1.28 (1.13, 1.45) | < 0.001 |
| Intraoperative blood loss (mL) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.029 | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.005 |
| Antibiotic | ||||
| Any AP | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.17 (0.65, 2.11) | 0.591 | 0.48 (0.28, 0.82) | 0.007 |
| Intraoperative redosing | ||||
| Required but no redosing | 1 | 1 | ||
| Required and redosing | 2.32 (1.10, 4.91) | 0.027 | 0.81 (0.24, 2.68) | 0.725 |
| Not required | 0.44 (0.26, 0.75) | 0.002 | 0.63 (0.37, 1.09) | 0.098 |
| AP within 48 h postoperatively | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.94 (1.19, 3.16) | 0.008 | 0.90 (0.45, 1.78) | 0.759 |
| AP days | 1.07 (1.00, 1.15) | 0.056 | 0.92 (0.81, 1.05) | 0.236 |
SSIs, surgical site infections; HAIs, healthcare-associated infections; OR, Odds ration; CI, confidence interval; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiology; NNIS, National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance; AP, antibiotic prophylaxis